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44720 Federal Registe-
<br />generally stated m jertns of property
<br />types.
<br />The purpose of establishing
<br />preservation goals is to set forth a "best
<br />case" version of how properties in the
<br />historic context should be identified,
<br />evaluated. registered and treated.
<br />Preservation goals should be oriented
<br />toward the greatest possible protection
<br />of properties in the historic context and
<br />should be based on the principle that
<br />properties should be preserved in place
<br />if possible, through affirmative
<br />treatments like rehabilitation,
<br />stabilization or restoration. Generally,
<br />goals will be specific to the historic
<br />context and will often be phrased in
<br />terms of property types. Some of these
<br />goals will be related to information
<br />needs previously identified for the
<br />historic context. Collectively, the goals
<br />for a historic context should be a
<br />coherent statement of program direction
<br />covering all aspects of the context.
<br />For each goal, a statement should be
<br />prepared identifying:
<br />1. The goal, including the context and
<br />properly types to which the goal applies
<br />and the geographical area in which they
<br />are located;
<br />2. The activities required to achieve
<br />the goal;
<br />3. The most appropriate methods or
<br />strategies for carrying Out the activities;
<br />4. A schedule within which the
<br />activities should be completed; and
<br />5. The amount of effort required to
<br />accomplish the goal. as well as a way to
<br />evaluate progress toward its
<br />accomplishment.
<br />Setting priorities for goals
<br />Once goals have been developed they
<br />need to be ranked in importance.
<br />Ranking involves examining each goal
<br />in light of a number of factors.
<br />1. General social, economic, political
<br />and environmental conditions and
<br />trends affecting (positively and
<br />negatively) the identification,
<br />evaluation, registration and treatment of
<br />property types in the historic context.
<br />Some property types in the historic
<br />context may be more directly threatened
<br />by deterioration, land development
<br />patterns, contemporary use patterns, or
<br />public perceptions of their value, and
<br />such properly types shmtld be given
<br />priority consideration.
<br />2. Major cost or technical
<br />considerations affecting the
<br />identification, evaluation and treatment
<br />of property types in the historic context.
<br />The identification or treatment of
<br />some property types may be technically
<br />possible but the cost prohibitive; or
<br />techniques may not currently perfected
<br />(for example, the identification of
<br />submerged sites or objects, or the
<br />Vol. 48, No. 190 / Thursday, Septemb
<br />evaluation of sites containing material
<br />for which dating techniques are still
<br />being developed).
<br />3. Identification, evaluation,
<br />registration and treatment activities
<br />previously currier) out for property type$
<br />in the historic context.
<br />If a number of properties representing
<br />one aspect of a historic context have
<br />been recorded or preserved, treatment
<br />of additional members of that property
<br />type may receive lower priority than
<br />treatment of a property type for which
<br />no examples have yet been recorded or
<br />preserved. This approach ensures that
<br />the focus of recording or preserving all
<br />elements of the historic context is
<br />retained, rather than limiting activities
<br />to preserving properties representing
<br />only same aspects of the context.
<br />The result of considering the goals in
<br />light of these concerns will be a list of
<br />refined goals ranked in order of priority.
<br />Integrating Individual Contexts —
<br />Creating the Preservation Plan
<br />When historic contexts overlap
<br />geographically, competing goals and
<br />priorities must be integrated for
<br />effective preservation planning. The
<br />ranking of goals for each historic
<br />context must be reconciled to ensure
<br />that recommendations for one context
<br />do not contradict those for another. This
<br />important step results in an overall set
<br />of priorities for several historic contexts
<br />and a list of the activities to be
<br />performed to achieve the ranked goals.
<br />When applied to a specific geographical
<br />area, this is the preservation plan for
<br />that area.
<br />It is expected that in many instances
<br />historic contexts will overlap
<br />geographically. Overlapping contexts
<br />are likely to occur in two
<br />combinations —those that were defined
<br />at the same scale (Lit-, textile
<br />development in Smithtown 1850--1910
<br />and Civil War in Smithtown 185:- -1870)
<br />and those defined at different scales -
<br />(i.e., Civil War in Smithtown and Civil
<br />War in the Shenandoah Valley). The
<br />contexts may share the same property
<br />types, although the shared property
<br />types will probably have different levels
<br />of importance, or they may group the
<br />same properties into different property
<br />types, reflecting either a different scale
<br />of analysis or a different historical
<br />Perspective,
<br />As previously noted, many of the
<br />goals that the formulated for a historic
<br />context will focus on the property types
<br />defined for that context. Thus it is
<br />critical that the integration of goals
<br />include the explicit consideration of the
<br />Potential for shared property type
<br />membership by Individual properties.
<br />For example, when the same property
<br />?9, 1983 / Notices
<br />types are used by two contexts,
<br />reconciling the goals will require
<br />weighing the level of importance
<br />assigned to each property type. The
<br />degree to which integration of historic
<br />contexts must involve reconciling
<br />properly types may be limited by the
<br />coordinated development of historic
<br />contexts used at various levels.
<br />Integration with Management
<br />Frameworks
<br />Preservation goals and priorities are
<br />adapted to land units through
<br />integration with other planning
<br />concerns. This integration must involve
<br />the resolution of conflicts that arise
<br />when competing resources occupy the
<br />same land base. Successful resolution of
<br />these conflicts can often be achieved
<br />through judicious combination of
<br />inventory, evaluation and treatment
<br />activities. Since historic properties are
<br />irreplaceable, these activities should be
<br />heavily weighted to discourage the
<br />destruction of significant properties and
<br />to be compatible with the primary land
<br />use.
<br />Recommended Sources of Technical
<br />Information
<br />Resource Protection Planning Process.
<br />State and Plans Grants Division, 19W.
<br />Washington. D.C. Available from Survey and
<br />Planning Branch, Interagency Resources
<br />Division. National Park Service, Department
<br />of the Interior, Washingtnq D.C. 202-10.
<br />Outlines it step -by -step approach to
<br />implementing the resource protection
<br />Planning process.
<br />Resource Protection Planning Process Case
<br />Studies. Available from Survey and Planning
<br />Branch, Interagency Resources Division,
<br />National Park Service, Department of the
<br />Interior, Washington, D.C. 20240. Reports
<br />prepared by State Historic Preservation
<br />Offices and other using the planning process.
<br />Planning Theory, Andreas Faludi, 1980.
<br />Oxford: Pergamon Press. Constructs a model
<br />Of planning using concepts borrowed from
<br />general systems theory.
<br />SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR'S
<br />STANDARDS FOR IDENTIFICATION
<br />Identification activities are
<br />undertaken to gather information about
<br />historic properties in an area. The scope
<br />of these activities will depend on:
<br />existing knowledge about properties:
<br />goals for survey activities developed in
<br />the planning process; ;red current
<br />management needs.
<br />Standard I. Identification of Historic
<br />Properties Is Undertaken to the Degree
<br />Required To Make Decisions
<br />Archival research and survey
<br />activities should be designed to gather
<br />the information necessary to achieve
<br />defined preservation goals. The
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