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<br />:I <br />:I <br />:I <br />:I <br />] <br />] <br />] <br />] <br />J <br />J <br />J <br />I <br />I <br />J <br />J <br />1 <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />J <br />1 <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br /> <br /> <br />Proposal <br />Comprehensive Water Distribution System Audit <br />I <br /> <br />* Meters that are too large for the application and do <br />not read at low consumption levels <br /> <br />To determine the source ofthe unbilled water in the system, <br />several important areas of the utility operation need to be <br />evaluated. These areas ore identified in the following items: <br /> <br />* An evaluation of the installation and accuracy of <br />various meters installed in the City's system must be <br />performed. <br /> <br />* Investigate and estimate the amount of unbilled water <br />used by the City and other customers. <br /> <br />* The existing billing software should be examined to <br />confirm thatthere are no under-billed accounts. <br /> <br />* The possible leakage in the system must be evaluated <br />to determine the extent ofthe problem, and to identify, <br />in so far as possible, the areas with most of the leaks. <br /> <br />* Determine the feasibility of meter replacements to <br />reduce the amount of unbilled water in the system. <br /> <br />Project Approach <br /> <br />Problem Identification <br />The City of Paris produces approximately 12 to 15 MGD of <br />water on an average day. The typical consumption for <br />residential/commercial uses is reported to be 2.6 MGD. <br />Therefore about 10 to 12 MGD of water is being supplied to <br />major customers. The first action should be to confirm that <br />the meters for the major customers are reasonably accurate. <br />The City staff has a number of these meters that are routi nely <br />calibrated as part ofthe normal operations; therefore, this <br />portion of the project should proceed rapidly. <br /> <br />Additionally, the master meter's (the 42-inch meter) <br />calibration needs to be confirmed, since that is the basis for <br />much of the data that have been gathered. Checking <br /> <br />Carter::Burgess <br /> <br />calibration of the master meter appears to be reasonably <br />straight forward, and the volumetric procedure described <br />below will be used. <br /> <br />Flovv Meter Installation <br />The Carter 8. Burgess Team will visit the meters identified by <br />City staff and evaluate the installation. The evaluation will <br />be conducted for the followi ng reasons: <br /> <br />* To determine ifthe installation of the meter can have <br />an adverse impact on the accuracy, and <br /> <br />* To evaluate the location and installation for subsequent <br />in situ calibration. <br /> <br />The Team will document the conditions at each meter location <br />by preparing a field sketch of the installation and obtaining <br />digital photographs. <br /> <br /> <br />Installation Errors <br />The most common errors in installing flow meters are: <br /> <br />* Locating the meter in a position where it does not flow <br />full. <br /> <br />* Failing to provide the upstream and downstream <br />conditions necessary to minimize turbulence in the <br />meter. <br /> <br />16 <br />