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Examples of such defects include broken clean-outs and breaks in the service line. <br />The second major category, private sector defects, are those found on private <br />property. Examples of such defects include broken clean-outs, illegal roof drain <br />connections, and defective service lines. The following section provides a <br />summary of the field procedures used to identify the source defects. <br />C. Field Testing Procedures <br />1. Visual Manhole and Pipe Inspection <br />Of the targeted 2639 system inspection points in the collection system, <br />Visual inspections were performed on 1468 manholes. There were 20 <br />buried manholes, 28 surcharged manholes, 94 manholes that could not be <br />located, and 14 manholes that could not be opened. Additional structures <br />included 123 cleanouts, 748 end-of-line segments, and 144 tees. Of the 123 <br />cleanouts, 101 were inspected. Each manhole and the pipelines entering the <br />manhole were inspected with the use of strong artificial light or reflected <br />sunlight. The photographs that were taken to record the conditions <br />encountered provided two significant functions: (1) a visual inventory of the <br />structures, and (2) the location and description of the observed defects. The <br />manhole and mainline inspection data, including the photographs, are <br />included in Appendix F. <br />2. Inventory of the Collection System <br />Out of a total system footage of 968,741 linear feet of sanitary sewage pipe, <br />field representatives performed inspections on 928,9391inear feet. The <br />collected data was used to create a database on the physical characteristics <br />of the system, and to provide information to assist during the rehabilitation <br />phase of the project. A complete pipe inventory for the Paris collection <br />system is provided in Table III-l, page III-4, and is shown in graphical <br />format in Figure III-1, on page III-4. <br />ADS Environmental Services, Inc. <br />III-2 <br />