2012-054 RES AWARDING CONTRACT FOR REHABILITATION OF EAST ELEVATED STORAGE TANK TO CLASSIC PROTECTIVE COATINGS INC

Home Browse Search

SSPC-Guide 12 June 1, 1998 Editorial Revisions November 1, 2004 3.4 UNDERWRITERS' LABORATORIES (UL) STANDARDS, ANSI APPROVED: 298 Standard for Portable Electric Hand Lamps 1598 Standard for Luminaries (replaces all below) 4. Definitions Confined space: Per 29 CFR 1910.146, a confined space is a space that: (1) is large enough and so configured that an employee can bodily enter and perform assigned work; and (2) has limited or restricted means for entry or exit (for example, tanks, vessels, silos, storage bins, hoppers, vaults, and pits are spaces that may have limited means of entry); and (3) is not designed for continuous occupancy. Foot candles: A unit of illumination; the illumination at a point on a surface which is one foot from, and perpendicular to, a uniform point source of one candle. General work area Ifghting: The level of illumination throughout a work area, measured at various locations on the horizontal work plane, at least six feet from the nearest light source. Non-permit required confined space:Aconfined space that does not contain or, with respect to atmospheric hazards, have the potential to contain any hazard capable of causing death or serious physical injury. Permit required confined space: Aconfined space that has one or more of the following characteristics: (1) contains or has the potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere; (2) contains a material that has the potential for engulfing an entrant; (3) has an internal configuration such that an entrant could be trapped or asphyxiated by inwardly converging walls or by a floor which slopes downward and tapers to a smaller cross-section; or (4) contains any other recognized safety or health hazard. Task-specific lighting: The level of illumination required for performing specific visual tasks (e.g., inspection). White Iight: Light containing all wavelengths in the visible range at similar intensity. 5. General Conditions 5.1 MONITORING STRATEGY 5.1.1 Quantiry of Existing (Natural) Light: Some natural light will be present in most work areas during daylight hours and the color of any containment materials (e.g., white tarps) may improve natural light. The amount of natural light will depend on factors such as time of year, time of day, orientation of the work area, and prevailing weather conditions. Although it is not likely that the quantity and qualiry of natural light will be sufficient for work in most confined spaces, the amount of additional lighting necessary to meet the recommendations of this guide will be affected by the amount of ambient natural light available. Measurements should be made with a light meter held at or placed on the surtace. With the sensor aligned perpendicularto the surface, make a minimum of five measure- ments which are representative of the work area. Record each and calculate the average of the measurements. 5.1.2 Effect of Airborne Dust: Airborne dust will reduce visibility. Consideration must be given to the amount of loose debris which may be created during paint removal or applica- tion operations. Depending on the expected concentration of airborne dust, provisions may be required for its removal prior to the start of work in order for adequate illumination to be achieved. 5.2 CLASSIFICATION OF LOCATIONS: Once the evalu- ation of the work area is complete the work locations should be classified as one of the following: 5.2.1 Hazardous locations where the potential for explo- sion and/or fire exists. Hazardous locations are defined as those locations where quantities of flammable gases or vapors, explosives, combustible dusts, fibers, or flyings are present or likely to become present. Lighting fixtures used in hazardous locations must be explosion proof and Underwriters Laboratory or Factory Mutual approved for use in the appropriate Class and Division atmosphere. See Appendix A for a discussion of hazardous locations. 5.2.2 Non-Hazardous locations where the potential for explosion and/or fire does not exist. Lighting fixtures used in nonhazardous locations must be designed to UL Standard 298. 5.2.3 Wet locatfons where installations are underground or in concrete slabs or masonry in direct contact with the earth, and locations subject to saturation with water or other liquids, such as unprotected locations exposed to weather. Lighting fixtures used in wet locations must be designed to U L 1598. 6. Illumination Requirements 6.1 A light meter with readings in foot candles should be used to verify the adequacy of the illumination. For general work area measurements, the meter should be placed on a horizontal plane parallel with the work surtace (e.g., walking across staging). For task specific measurements, the meter should be held at, or placed on, the surtace, with the sensor aligned perpendicular to the surtace. Make a minimum of five measurements representative of the work area or task. Compare the average to the criteria in Table 1 and Table 2. 7. Recommendations The recommendations below are applicable for any artificial lighting required to achieve adequate illumination of a given work area or specific task. 9-48