2025-018 - Approving the issuance and sale of City of Paris Special Assessment Revenue Bonds, Series 2025 (Forestbrook Public Improvement District No. 1 Improvement Area #1 Project)” and approving various documents related to such bonds.
AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PARIS,
TEXAS, AUTHORIZING THE ISSUANCE OF THE "CITY OF PARIS,
TEXAS, SPECIAL ASSESSMENT REVENUE BONDS, SERIES 2025
(FORESTBROOK PUBLIC IMPROVEMENT DISTRICT NO. 1
IMPROVEMENT AREA #1 PROJECT)"; APPROVING AND
AUTHORIZING AN INDENTURE OF TRUST, A BOND PURCHASE
AGREEMENT, A LIMITED OFFERING MEMORANDUM, A
CONTINUING DISCLOSURE AGREEMENT, AN AMENDED AND
RESTATED SERVICE AND ASSESSMENT PLAN AND OTHER
AGREEMENTS AND DOCUMENTS IN CONNECTION
THEREWITH; MAKING FINDINGS WITH RESPECT TO THE
ISSUANCE OF SUCH BONDS; AND PROVIDING AN EFFECTIVE
DATE
WHEREAS, the City of Paris, Texas (the "City"), pursuant to and in accordance with the
terms, provisions and requirements of the Public Improvement District Assessment Act, Subchapter A
of Chapter 372, Texas Local Government Code (the "PID Act"), has previously established the
"Forestbrook Public Improvement District No. 1" (the "District"); and
WHEREAS, the City Clerk (i) published notice of a public hearing (the "Assessment Hearing")
to consider an ordinance levying assessments (the "Improvement Area #1 Assessments") on certain
benefitted property within Improvement Area #1 of the District (the "Improvement Area #1 Assessed
Property") in The Paris News, a newspaper of general circulation in the City, pursuant to Section
372.016(b) of the PID Act, and (ii) mailed notice of the Assessment Hearing to the last known address
of the owners of the property liable for the Improvement Area #1 Assessments, pursuant to Section
372.016(c) of the PID Act; and
WHEREAS, on July 14, 2025, the City Council of the City (the "Council") held the Assessment
Hearing regarding the levy of the Improvement Area #1 Assessments against the Improvement Area #1
Assessed Property, and on such date, the Council adopted an ordinance levying the Improvement
Area #1 Assessments against the Improvement Area #1 Assessed Property (the "Assessment
Ordinance"); and
WHEREAS, in the Assessment Ordinance, the Council approved and accepted the Forestbrook
Public Improvement District No. 1 2025 Service and Assessment Plan (the "Service and Assessment
Plan") and levied the Improvement Area #1 Assessments against the Improvement Area #1 Assessed
Property; and
WHEREAS, the Council has found and determined that it is in the best interests of the City to
issue its bonds to be designated "City of Paris, Texas, Special Assessment Revenue Bonds, Series 2025
(Forestbrook Public Improvement District No. 1 Improvement Area #1 Project)" (the "Bonds"), such
Bonds to be payable from and secured by the Trust Estate; and
WHEREAS, the Council is authorized by the PID Act to issue revenue bonds payable from the
Trust Estate for the purpose of (i) paying a portion of the Improvement Area #1 Project Costs, (ii) funding
the initial deposit to the Administrative Fund for the payment of the initial Annual Collection Costs, and
(iii) paying Bond Issuance Costs; and
WHEREAS, the Council has found and determined to approve (i) the issuance of the Bonds for
the purposes described herein, (ii) the form, terms and provisions of the Indenture (defined below)
securing the Bonds authorized hereby, (iii) the form, terms and provisions of a Purchase Agreement
(defined below) between the City and the Underwriter (defined below), (iv) a Limited Offering
Memorandum (defined below), (v) a Continuing Disclosure Agreement (defined below) and (vi) an
Amended and Restated Service and Assessment Plan (defined below); and
WHEREAS, the meeting at which this Ordinance is considered is open to the public as required
by law, and the public notice of the time, place and purpose of said meeting was given as required by
Chapter 551, Texas Government Code, as amended;
NOW, THEREFORE BE IT ORDAINED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF
PARIS, TEXAS, THAT:
SECTION 1. FINDINGS. The findings and determinations set forth in the preamble hereof are
hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes as if set forth in full herein. Capitalized terms not
otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings given to such terms in the Indenture.
SECTION 2. APPROVAL OF ISSUANCE OF BONDS AND INDENTURE OF TRUST.
(a) The issuance of the Bonds in the principal amount of $2,012,000 for the purpose of
(i) paying a portion of the Improvement Area #1 Project Costs, (ii) funding the initial deposit to the
Administrative Fund for the payment of the initial Annual Collection Costs, and (iii) paying Bond
Issuance Costs, is hereby authorized and approved.
(b) The Bonds shall be issued and secured under that certain Indenture of Trust (the
"Indenture"), dated as of November 1, 2025, between the City and BOKF, NA, as trustee (the "Trustee"),
with such changes as may be necessary or desirable to carry out the purposes and intent of this Ordinance
and as approved by an Authorized Official (defined below), such approval to be evidenced by the
execution and delivery of the Indenture, which Indenture is hereby approved in substantially final form
attached hereto as Exhibit A and incorporated herein as a part hereof for all purposes. The Authorized
Officials, individually but not jointly, are hereby authorized and directed to execute the Indenture, and
the City Clerk is hereby authorized and directed to attest the signature of such Authorized Official.
(c) The Bonds shall (i) be dated, (ii) mature on the date or dates and in the principal amount
or amounts, (iii) bear interest, (iv) be subject to redemption and (v) have such other terms and provisions
as set forth in the Indenture. The Bonds shall be in substantially the form set forth in the Indenture,
with such insertions, omissions and modifications as may be required to conform the form of Bond to
the actual terms of the Bonds. The Bonds shall be payable from and secured by the Trust Estate and shall
never be payable from ad valorem taxes or any other funds or revenues of the City.
SECTION 3. SALE OF BONDS; APPROVAL OF BOND PURCHASE AGREEMENT.
The Bonds shall be sold to FMSbonds, Inc. (the "Underwriter") at the price and on the terms and
provisions set forth in that certain Bond Purchase Agreement (the "Purchase Agreement"), dated the
date hereof, between the City and the Underwriter, attached hereto as Exhibit B and incorporated herein
as a part hereof for all purposes, which terms of sale are declared to be in the best interest of the City.
The form, terms and provisions of the Purchase Agreement are hereby authorized and approved, and the
Authorized Officials, individually but not jointly, are hereby authorized and directed to execute and
deliver the Purchase Agreement.
SECTION 4. LIMITED OFFERING MEMORANDUM. The form and substance of the final
Limited Offering Memorandum for the Bonds and any addenda, supplement or amendment thereto (the
"Limited Offering Memorandum") presented to and considered at the meeting at which this Ordinance
is considered are hereby approved and adopted in all respects. The Limited Offering Memorandum,
with such appropriate variations as shall be approved by the City Manager or Assistant City Manager
and the Underwriter, may be used by the Underwriter in the offering and sale of the Bonds. The City
Clerk is hereby authorized and directed to include and maintain a copy of the Preliminary Limited
Offering Memorandum (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) and the Limited Offering Memorandum
and any addenda, supplement or amendment thereto thus approved among the permanent records of this
meeting. The use and distribution of the Preliminary Limited Offering Memorandum by the Underwriter
in the offering of the Bonds is hereby ratified, approved and confirmed. By separate resolution, the City
has previously deemed the Preliminary Limited Offering Memorandum final, within the meaning of
Rule 15c2-12 issued by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Rule"), as of its date, except for the omission of information specified in
Section (b)(1) of the Rule, as permitted by Section (b)(1) of the Rule. Notwithstanding the approval and
delivery of such Preliminary Limited Offering Memorandum and Limited Offering Memorandum by
the Council, the Council is not responsible for and proclaims no specific knowledge of the information
contained in the Preliminary Limited Offering Memorandum and the Limited Offering Memorandum
pertaining to (i) the Improvement Area #1 Projects, (ii) the Development (as defined in the Limited
Offering Memorandum), (iii) Lone Star Planned Developments, LLC, a Texas limited liability company
(the "Developer"), or its financial ability, or any other developers of the District, or (iv) any
builders or landowners in the District.
SECTION 5. CONTINUING DISCLOSURE AGREEMENT. The Continuing Disclosure
Agreement (the "Continuing Disclosure Agreement") among the City, P3Works, LLC and BOKF, NA,
is hereby authorized and approved in substantially final form attached hereto as Exhibit C and
incorporated herein as a part hereof for all purposes, and the Authorized Officials, individually but not
jointly, are hereby authorized and directed to execute and deliver such Continuing Disclosure Agreement
with such changes as may be required to carry out the purposes and intent of this Ordinance and approved
by an Authorized Official, such approval to be evidenced by the execution thereof.
SECTION 6. AMENDED AND RESTATED SERVICE AND ASSESSMENT PLAN. An
Amended and Restated Service and Assessment Plan (the "A&R Service and Assessment Plan") is
hereby authorized and approved in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit D and incorporated
herein as a part hereof for all purposes. The City Clerk is hereby directed to cause a copy of the A&R
Service and Assessment Plan to be recorded in the real property records of Lamar County, Texas, within
seven (7) days of the date of adoption of this Ordinance.
SECTION 7. ADDITIONAL ACTIONS. The Mayor, the Mayor Pro Tem, the City Manager,
the Deputy City Manager, the Director of Finance and the City Clerk (individually, an "Authorized
Official", and collectively, the "Authorized Officials"), individually or jointly, are hereby authorized and
directed to take any and all actions on behalf of the City necessary or desirable to carry out the purposes
and intent of this Ordinance and to issue the Bonds in accordance with the terms of this Ordinance. The
Authorized Officials are hereby authorized and directed to execute and deliver any and all certificates,
agreements, notices, instruction letters, requisitions and other documents which may be necessary or
advisable in connection with the sale, issuance and delivery of the Bonds and the carrying out of the
purposes and intent of this Ordinance.
SECTION 8. SEVERABILITY. If any Section, paragraph, clause or provision of this
Ordinance shall for any reason be held to be invalid or unenforceable, the invalidity or unenforceability
of such Section, paragraph, clause or provision shall not affect any of the remaining provisions of this
Ordinance.
SECTION 9. EFFECTIVE DATE. This Ordinance is passed on one reading as authorized by
Texas Government Code, Section 1201.028, and shall be effective immediately upon its passage and
adoption.
-----------------------------------
Exhibit A
INDENTURE OF TRUST
A-1
Exhibit B
BOND PURCHASE AGREEMENT
B-1
Exhibit C
CONTINUING DISCLOSURE AGREEMENT
C-1
Exhibit D
A&R SERVICE AND ASSESSMENT PLAN
D-1
Gpsftucsppl!Qvcmjd!
Jnqspwfnfou!Ejtusjdu!Op/!2!
3136!BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!
QMBO!
PDUPCFS!38-!3136!
!
!
!
BVTUJO-!UY!}!OPSUI!SJDIMBOE!IJMMT-!UY!}!IPVTUPO-!UY!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
1!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
UBCMF!PG!DPOUFOUT!
Ubcmf!pg!Dpoufout!//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!2!
Jouspevdujpo!//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!1!
Tfdujpo!J;!Efgjojujpot!/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!3!
Tfdujpo!JJ;!Uif!Ejtusjdu!///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!:!
Tfdujpo!JJJ;!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout!///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!:!
Tfdujpo!JW;!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!22!
Tfdujpo!W;!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!23!
Tfdujpo!WJ;!Ufsnt!pg!uif!Bttfttnfout!/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!27!
Tfdujpo!WJJ;!Bttfttnfou!Spmm!///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!33!
Tfdujpo!WJJJ;!Beejujpobm!Qspwjtjpot!///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!33!
Fyijcjut!////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!36!
Bqqfoejdft!/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!37!
Fyijcju!B.2!!Nbq!pg!uif!Ejtusjdu!/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!38!
Fyijcju!B.3!!Nbq!pg!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!boe!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!//////////////////////////////////////////////!39!
Fyijcju!C.2!!Qspkfdu!Dptut!//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!3:!
Fyijcju!C.3!!Bqqpsujponfou!pg!Dptut!/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!41!
Fyijcju!D!!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!42!
Fyijcju!E!!Tpvsdft!boe!Vtft!pg!Gvoet////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!43!
Fyijcju!F!!Nbyjnvn!Bttfttnfou!///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!44!
Fyijcju!G.2!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou!Spmm!///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!45!
Fyijcju!G.3!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout!/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!48!
Fyijcju!H.2!!Nbqt!pg!Nbkps!Jnqspwfnfout!///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!49!
Fyijcju!H.3!!Nbqt!pg!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Jnqspwfnfout!//////////////////////////////////////////////////////!51!
Fyijcju!I!!Gpsn!pg!Opujdf!pg!Bttfttnfou!Ufsnjobujpo!//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!55!
Fyijcju!J!!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Cpoet!Efcu!TFswjdf!Tdifevmf//////////////////////////////////////////////////!58!
Fyijcju!K.2!!Ejtusjdu!Mfhbm!Eftdsjqujpo!////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!59!
Fyijcju!K.3!!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Mfhbm!Eftdsjqujpo!/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!62!
Fyijcju!K.4!!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!Mfhbm!Eftdsjqujpo!//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!63!
Bqqfoejy!B!!Fohjoffst!Sfqpsu!//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!65!
Bqqfoejy!C!.!Cvzfs!Ejtdmptvsft!///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////!82!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
2!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
JOUSPEVDUJPO!
Dbqjubmj{fe!ufsnt!vtfe!jo!uijt!Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!tibmm!ibwf!uif!
nfbojoht!hjwfo!up!uifn!jo!Tfdujpo!J!vomftt!puifsxjtf!efgjofe!jo!uijt!Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!
Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!ps!vomftt!uif!dpoufyu!jo!xijdi!b!ufsn!jt!vtfe!dmfbsmz!sfrvjsft!b!
ejggfsfou!nfbojoh/!!Vomftt!puifsxjtf!efgjofe-!b!sfgfsfodf!up!b!Tfdujpo-!bo!Fyijcju-!ps!bo!
Bqqfoejy!tibmm!cf!b!sfgfsfodf!up!b!Tfdujpo!pg!uijt!Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!boe!
Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!ps!bo!Fyijcju!ps!Bqqfoejy!buubdife!up!boe!nbef!b!qbsu!pg!uijt!Bnfoefe!boe!
Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!gps!bmm!qvsqptft/!
Po!Pdupcfs!25-!3135-!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjmqbttfe!boe!bqqspwfe!Sftpmvujpo!Op/!3135.155!bvuipsj{joh!
uif!ftubcmjtinfou!pg!uif!Ejtusjdu!jo!bddpsebodf!xjui!uif!QJE!Bdu-!xijdi!bvuipsj{bujpo!xbt!
fggfdujwf!vqpo!bqqspwbm!jo!bddpsebodf!xjui!uif!QJE!Bdu/!!Uif!qvsqptf!pg!uif!Ejtusjdu!jt!up!gjobodf!
uif!Bduvbm!Dptut!pg!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout!uibu!dpogfs!b!tqfdjbm!cfofgju!po!bqqspyjnbufmz!
6:/732!bdsft!mpdbufe!xjuijo!uif!dpsqpsbuf!mjnjut!pg!uif!Djuz-!bt!eftdsjcfe!cz!uif!mfhbm!eftdsjqujpo
po!Fyijcju!K.2!boe!efqjdufe!po!Fyijcju!B.2/!!
Po!Kvmz!25-!3136-!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!bqqspwfe!uif!Psjhjobm!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!gps!uif!
Ejtusjdu!cz!bepqujoh!Psejobodf!Op/!3136.124-!xijdi!bqqspwfe!)j*!uif!mfwz!pg!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!
Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou!bhbjotu!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!boe!)jj*!uif!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou!Spmm/!
Uijt!Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!tfswft!up!bnfoe!boe!sftubuf!uif!
Psjhjobm!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!jo!jut!foujsfuz!gps!uif!qvsqptf!pg!)j*!vqebujoh!uif!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou!Spmm!boe!)jj*!jodpsqpsbujoh!jogpsnbujpo!sfmbufe!up!uif!jttvbodf!
pg!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Cpoet/!
Uif!QJE!Bdu!sfrvjsft!b!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!nvtu!)j*!dpwfs!b!qfsjpe!pg!bu!mfbtu!gjwf!zfbst<!)jj*!efgjof!uif!
boovbm!joefcufeoftt!boe!qspkfdufe!dptu!pg!uif!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout<!boe!)jjj*!jodmvef!b!dpqz!
pg!uif!opujdf!gpsn!sfrvjsfe!cz!Tfdujpo!6/125!pg!uif!Ufybt!Qspqfsuz!Dpef-!bt!bnfoefe/!Uif!Tfswjdf!
Qmbo!jt!dpoubjofe!jo!Tfdujpo!JW!boe!uif!opujdf!gpsn!jt!buubdife!bt!Bqqfoejy!C/!
Uif!QJE!Bdu!sfrvjsft!uibu!uif!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!jodmvef!bo!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!uibu!bttfttft!uif!Bduvbm!
Dptut!pg!uif!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout!bhbjotu!uif!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!xjuijo!uif!Ejtusjdu!cbtfe!
po!uif!tqfdjbm!cfofgjut!dpogfssfe!po!tvdi!qspqfsuz!cz!uif!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout/!!Uif!
Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!jt!dpoubjofe!jo!Tfdujpo!W/!
Uif!QJE!Bdu!sfrvjsft!bo!Bttfttnfou!Spmm!uibu!tubuft!uif!Bttfttnfou!bhbjotu!fbdi!Qbsdfm
efufsnjofe!cz!uif!nfuipe!diptfo!cz!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm/!!Uif!Bttfttnfou!bhbjotu!fbdi!Qbsdfm!pg!
Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!nvtu!cf!tvggjdjfou!up!qbz!uif!tibsf!pg!uif!Bduvbm!Dptut!pg!uif!Bvuipsj{fe!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
1!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
Jnqspwfnfout!bqqpsujpofe!up!tvdi!Qbsdfmboe!dboopu!fydffe!uif!tqfdjbm!cfofgju!dpogfssfe!po!
uif!Qbsdfm!cz!tvdi!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout/!Uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou!Spmm!jt!
jodmvefe!bt!Fyijcju!G.2/!!!
GPSFTUCSPPLQVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
2!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
TFDUJPO!J;!EFGJOJUJPOT!
3136!Bttfttnfou!Psejobodf!nfbot!Psejobodf!Op/!3136.124!bqqspwfe!boe!bepqufe!cz!uif!
Djuz!Dpvodjm!po!Kvmz!25-!3136-!xijdi!mfwjfe!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou!bhbjotu!uif!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz-!boe!bqqspwfe!uif!Psjhjobm!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!
Qmbo/!
Bduvbm!Dptut!nfbo-!xjui!sftqfdu!up!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout-!uif!bduvbm!dptut!qbje!ps!jodvssfe!
cz!ps!po!cfibmg!pg!uif!Efwfmpqfs-!fjuifs!ejsfdumz!ps!uispvhi!bggjmjbuft-!jodmvejoh;!)2*!uif!dptut!gps!
uif!eftjho-!qmboojoh-!gjobodjoh-!benjojtusbujpo0nbobhfnfou-!bdrvjtjujpo-!jotubmmbujpo-!
dpotusvdujpo!boe0ps!jnqmfnfoubujpo!pg!tvdi!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout<!)3*!uif!gfft!qbje!gps!
pcubjojoh!qfsnjut-!mjdfotft-!ps!puifs!hpwfsonfoubm!bqqspwbmt!gps!tvdi!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout<!
)4*!uif!dptut!gps!fyufsobm!qspgfttjpobm!tfswjdft-!tvdi!bt!fohjoffsjoh-!hfpufdiojdbm-!tvswfzjoh-!mboe!
qmboojoh-!bsdijufduvsbm!mboetdbqfst-!bqqsbjtbmt-!mfhbm-!bddpvoujoh-!boe!tjnjmbs!qspgfttjpobm!
tfswjdft<!)5*!uif!dptut!gps!bmm!mbcps-!cpoet-!boe!nbufsjbmt-!jodmvejoh!frvjqnfou!boe!gjyuvsft-!pxjoh!
up!dpousbdupst-!cvjmefst-!boe!nbufsjbmnfo!fohbhfe!jo!dpoofdujpo!xjui!uif!bdrvjtjujpo-!
dpotusvdujpo-!ps!jnqmfnfoubujpo!pg!uif!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout<!)6*!bmm!sfmbufe!qfsnjuujoh!boe!
qvcmjd!bqqspwbm!fyqfotft-!boe!bsdijufduvsbm-!fohjoffsjoh-!dpotvmujoh-!boe!puifs!hpwfsonfoubm!
gfft!boe!dibshft-!boe!)7*!dptut!up!jnqmfnfou-!benjojtufs-!boe!nbobhf!uif!bcpwf.eftdsjcfe!
bdujwjujft!jodmvejoh-!cvu!opu!mjnjufe!up-!b!dpotusvdujpo!nbobhfnfou!gff!frvbm!up!gpvs!qfsdfou!)5&*!
pg!dpotusvdujpo!dptut!jg!nbobhfe!cz!ps!po!cfibmg!pg!uif!Efwfmpqfs/!
Beejujpobm!Joufsftu!nfbot!uif!bnpvou!dpmmfdufe!cz!uif!bqqmjdbujpo!pg!uif!Beejujpobm!Joufsftu!
Sbuf/!
BeejujpobmJoufsftu!Sbuf!nfbot!uif!vq!up!1/61&!beejujpobm!joufsftu!sbuf!uibu!nbz!cf!dibshfe!
po!Bttfttnfout!tfdvsjoh!QJE!Cpoet!qvstvbou!up!Tfdujpo!483/129!pg!uif!QJE!Bdu/!!
Benjojtusbups!nfbot!uif!Djuz!ps!joefqfoefou!gjsn!eftjhobufe!cz!uif!Djuz!xip!tibmm!ibwf!uif!
sftqpotjcjmjujft!qspwjefe!jo!uijt!Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo-!boz!
Joefouvsf-!ps!boz!puifs!bhsffnfou!ps!epdvnfou!bqqspwfe!cz!uif!Djuz!sfmbufe!up!uif!evujft!boe!
sftqpotjcjmjujft!pg!uif!benjojtusbujpo!pg!uif!Ejtusjdu/!!Uif!jojujbm!Benjojtusbups!jt!Q4Xpslt-!MMD/!!
Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!nfbot!uijt!Gpsftucsppl!Qvcmjd!
Jnqspwfnfou!Ejtusjdu!Op/!2!Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo-!xijdi!sfqmbdft!
jo!jut!foujsfuz!uif!Psjhjobm!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo-!bt!vqebufe-!bnfoefe-!ps!tvqqmfnfoufe!
gspn!ujnf!up!ujnf/!
Boovbm!Dpmmfdujpo!Dptut!nfbo!uif!bduvbm!ps!cvehfufe!dptut!boe!fyqfotft!sfmbufe!up!uif!
pqfsbujpo!pg!uif!Ejtusjdu-!jodmvejoh-!cvu!opu!mjnjufe!up-!dptut!boe!fyqfotft!gps;!)2*!uif!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
3!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
Benjojtusbups<!)3*!Djuz!tubgg<!)4*!mfhbm!dpvotfm-!fohjoffst-!bddpvoubout-!gjobodjbm!bewjtpst-!boe!
puifs!dpotvmubout!fohbhfe!cz!uif!Djuz<!)5*!dbmdvmbujoh-!dpmmfdujoh-!boe!nbjoubjojoh!sfdpset!xjui!
sftqfdu!up!Bttfttnfout!boe!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout<!)6*!qsfqbsjoh!boe!nbjoubjojoh!sfdpset!xjui!
sftqfdu!up!Bttfttnfou!Spmm)t*!boe!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuft<!)7*!qbzjoh!boe!sfeffnjoh!QJE!
Cpoet<!)8*!jowftujoh!ps!efqptjujoh!Bttfttnfout!boe!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout<!)9*!dpnqmzjoh!xjui!uijt!
Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo-!uif!QJE!Bdu-!boe!boz!Joefouvsf-!xjui!
sftqfdu!up!uif!QJE!Cpoet-!jodmvejoh!uif!Djuzt!dpoujovjoh!ejtdmptvsf!sfrvjsfnfout<!boe!):*!uif!
qbzjoh!bhfou0sfhjtusbs!boe!Usvtuff!jo!dpoofdujpo!xjui!QJE!Cpoet-!jodmvejoh!uifjs!sftqfdujwf!mfhbm!
dpvotfm/!!Boovbm!Dpmmfdujpo!Dptut!dpmmfdufe!cvu!opu!fyqfoefe!jo!boz!zfbs!tibmm!cf!dbssjfe!gpsxbse!
boe!bqqmjfe!up!sfevdf!Boovbm!Dpmmfdujpo!Dptut!gps!tvctfrvfou!zfbst/!
Boovbm!Jotubmmnfou!nfbot!uif!boovbm!jotubmmnfou!qbznfou!pg!bo!Bttfttnfou!bt!dbmdvmbufe!cz!
uif!Benjojtusbups!boe!bqqspwfe!cz!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm-!uibu!jodmveft;!)2*!qsjodjqbm<!)3*!joufsftu<!)4*!
Boovbm!Dpmmfdujpo!Dptut<!boe!)5*!Beejujpobm!Joufsftu!sfmbufe!up!uif!QJE!Cpoet-!jg!bqqmjdbcmf/!
Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuf!nfbot!bo!vqebuf!up!uijt!Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!boe!
Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!qsfqbsfe!op!mftt!gsfrvfoumz!uibo!boovbmmz!cz!uif!Benjojtusbups!boe!bqqspwfe!
cz!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm/!
Bqqpsujpofe!Qspqfsuz!nfbot!boz!Qbsdfm!xjuijo!uif!Ejtusjdu!bhbjotu!xijdi!uif!dptut!pg!uif!
Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout!bsf!bqqpsujpofe!cbtfe!po!tqfdjbm!dpogfssfe!cfofgju!boe!bhbjotu!xijdi!
bo!Bttfttnfou!jt!boujdjqbufe!up!cf!mfwjfe-!cvu!opu!zfu!mfwjfe/!!
Bqqpsujponfou!pg!Dptut!nfbot!bo!bnpvou!bmmpdbufe!cz!uijt!Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!
boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!up!b!Qbsdfm!pg!Bqqpsujpofe!Qspqfsuz!xjuijo!uif!Ejtusjdu!gps!gvuvsf!Bvuipsj{fe!
Jnqspwfnfou!dptut-!puifs!uibo!Opo.Cfofgjuufe!Qspqfsuz-!tvckfdu!up!b!gvuvsf!mfwz!pg!Bttfttnfout!
cz!uif!Djuz!boe!bmtp!tvckfdu!up!sfbmmpdbujpo!ps!sfevdujpo!bddpsejoh!up!uif!qspwjtjpot!ifsfjo!boe!jo!
uif!QJE!Bdu/!
Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!nfbot!boz!Qbsdfm!xjuijo!uif!Ejtusjdu!bhbjotu!xijdi!bo!Bttfttnfou!jt!mfwjfe/
Bttfttnfou!nfbot!bo!bttfttnfou!mfwjfe!bhbjotu!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!up!qbz!dptut!pg!dfsubjo!
Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout!bt!tqfdjgjfe!ifsfjo-!xijdi!Bttfttnfou!jt!jnqptfe!qvstvbou!up!bo!
Bttfttnfou!Psejobodf!boe!uif!qspwjtjpot!ifsfjo-!bt!tipxo!po!bo!Bttfttnfou!Spmm-!boe!jt!tvckfdu!
up!sfbmmpdbujpo!ps!sfevdujpo!bddpsejoh!up!uif!qspwjtjpot!ifsfjo!boe!jo!uif!QJE!Bdu/!
Bttfttnfou!Psejobodf!nfbot!bo!psejobodf!bepqufe!cz!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!jo!bddpsebodf!xjui!
uif!QJE!Bdu!uibu!mfwjft!bo!Bttfttnfou!po!uif!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz-!bt!tipxo!po!boz!Bttfttnfou!
Spmm/!
GPSFTUCSPPLQVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
4!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!nfbot!uif!nfuipepmphz!fnqmpzfe!up!bttftt!uif!Bduvbm!Dptut!pg!uif!
Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout!bhbjotu!uif!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!cbtfe!po!uif!tqfdjbm!cfofgjut!dpogfssfe!
po!tvdi!qspqfsuz!cz!uif!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout-!npsf!tqfdjgjdbmmz!tfu!gpsui!boe!eftdsjcfe!jo!
Tfdujpo!W/!
Bttfttnfou!Spmm!nfbot!boz!bttfttnfou!spmm!gps!uif!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz-!jodmvejoh!uif!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou!Spmm-!bt!vqebufe-!npejgjfe!ps!bnfoefe!gspn!ujnf!up!ujnf!jo!
bddpsebodf!xjui!uif!qspdfevsft!tfu!gpsui!ifsfjo!boe!jo!uif!QJE!Bdu-!jodmvejoh!vqebuft!qsfqbsfe!
jo!dpoofdujpo!xjui!uif!jttvbodf!pg!QJE!Cpoet!ps!jo!boz!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuft/!
Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout!nfbot!uif!dptut!boe!jnqspwfnfout!bvuipsj{fe!cz!Tfdujpo!483/114!
pg!uif!QJE!Bdu-!boe!eftdsjcfe!jo!Tfdujpo!JJJ-!bt!gvsuifs!efqjdufe!po!Fyijcju!H.2!boe!Fyijcju!H.3/!
Cpoe!Jttvbodf!Dptut!nfbot!uif!dptut!bttpdjbufe!xjui!jttvjoh!QJE!Cpoet-!jodmvejoh-!cvu!opu!
mjnjufe!up-!buupsofz!gfft-!gjobodjbm!bewjtpsz!gfft-!dpotvmubou!gfft-!jojujbm!usvtuff!gfft-!bqqsbjtbm!
gfft-!qsjoujoh!dptut-!qvcmjdbujpo!dptut-!dbqjubmj{fe!joufsftu-!sftfswf!gvoe!sfrvjsfnfout-!
voefsxsjufst!ejtdpvou!)jodmvejoh!uif!gff!pg!dpvotfm!up!uif!voefsxsjufs*-!gfft!dibshfe!cz!uif!
Ufybt!Buupsofz!Hfofsbm-!boe!boz!puifs!dptu!ps!fyqfotf!jodvssfe!cz!uif!Djuz!ejsfdumz!bttpdjbufe!
xjui!uif!jttvbodf!pg!boz!tfsjft!pg!QJE!Cpoet/!
Djuz!nfbot!uif!Djuz!pg!Qbsjt-!Ufybt/!
Djuz!Dpvodjm!nfbot!uif!hpwfsojoh!cpez!pg!uif!Djuz/!
Dpvouz!nfbot!Mbnbs!Dpvouz-!Ufybt/!
Efmjorvfou!Dpmmfdujpo!Dptut!nfbo!dptut!sfmbufe!up!uif!gpsfdmptvsf!po!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!boe!
uif!dptut!pg!dpmmfdujpo!pg!efmjorvfou!Bttfttnfout-!efmjorvfou!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout-!ps!boz!puifs!
efmjorvfou!bnpvout!evf!voefs!uijt!Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo-!
jodmvejoh!qfobmujft!boe!sfbtpobcmf!buupsofzt!gfft!bduvbmmz!qbje-!cvu!fydmvejoh!bnpvout!
sfqsftfoujoh!joufsftu!boe!qfobmuz!joufsftu/!!
Efwfmpqfs!nfbot-!Mpof!Tubs!Qmboofe!Efwfmpqnfou-!MMD-!boe!boz!tvddfttpst!ps!bttjhot!uifsfpg!
uibu!joufoet!up!efwfmpq!uif!qspqfsuz!jo!uif!Ejtusjdu!gps!uif!vmujnbuf!qvsqptf!pg!usbotgfssjoh!ujumf!
up!foe!vtfst/!
Ejtusjdu!nfbot!uif!Gpsftucsppl!Qvcmjd!Jnqspwfnfou!Ejtusjdu!Op/!2!dpoubjojoh!bqqspyjnbufmz!
6:/732!bdsft!mpdbufe!xjuijo!uif!dpsqpsbuf!mjnjut!pg!uif!Djuz-!boe!npsf!tqfdjgjdbmmz!eftdsjcfe!jo!
Fyijcju!K.2!boe!efqjdufe!po!Fyijcju!B.2/!!
GPSFTUCSPPLQVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
5!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
Fohjoffst!Sfqpsu!nfbot!uif!sfqpsu!qspwjefe!cz!b!mjdfotfe!qspgfttjpobm!fohjoffs!uibu!
eftdsjcft!uif!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout-!jodmvejoh!uifjs!dptut-!mpdbujpo-!boe!cfofgju-!boe!jt!
buubdife!ifsfup!bt!Bqqfoejy!B/!
Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!Wbmvf!nfbot!uif!ftujnbufe!wbmvf!pg!bo!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!xjui!gvmmz!
dpotusvdufe!cvjmejoht-!bt!qspwjefe!cz!uif!Efwfmpqfs!boe!dpogjsnfe!cz!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm-!cz!
dpotjefsjoh!tvdi!gbdupst!bt!efotjuz-!mpu!tj{f-!qspyjnjuz!up!bnfojujft-!wjfx!qsfnjvnt-!mpdbujpo-!
nbslfu!dpoejujpot-!ijtupsjdbm!tbmft-!cvjmefs!dpousbdut-!ejtdvttjpot!xjui!ipnfcvjmefst-!sfqpsut!
gspn!uijse!qbsuz!dpotvmubout-!ps!boz!puifs!gbdupst!uibu-!jo!uif!kvehnfou!pg!uif!Djuz-!nbz!jnqbdu!
wbmvf/!Uif!Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!Wbmvf!gps!fbdi!Mpu!Uzqf!jt!tipxo!po!Fyijcju!F/!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!nfbot!bqqspyjnbufmz!29/187!bdsft!mpdbufe!xjuijo!uif!Ejtusjdu-!npsf!
tqfdjgjdbmmz!eftdsjcfe!jo!Fyijcju!K.3!boe!efqjdufe!po!Fyijcju!B.3/
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfou!nfbot!uif!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfou!pg!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!
Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou!bt!dbmdvmbufe!cz!uif!Benjojtusbups!boe!bqqspwfe!cz!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm-!uibu!
jodmveft;!)2*!qsjodjqbm!bnpvou!pg!boz!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou<!)3*!joufsftu!bttpdjbufe!
xjui!boz!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou<!)4*!Boovbm!Dpmmfdujpo!Dptut!sfmbufe!up!Jnqspwfnfou!
Bsfb!$2-!boe!)5*!Beejujpobm!Joufsftu!sfmbufe!up!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Cpoet-!bt!tipxo!po!
Fyijcju!G.3/!!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!nfbot!boz!Qbsdfm!xjuijo!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!
bhbjotu!xijdi!bo!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou!jt!mfwjfe/!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou!nfbot!bo!Bttfttnfou!mfwjfe!bhbjotu!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!
Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!up!qbz!gps!b!qpsujpo!pg!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout-!
boe!jnqptfe!qvstvbou!up!uif!3136!Bttfttnfou!Psejobodf!boe!uif!qspwjtjpot!ifsfjo-!bt!tipxo!
po!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou!Spmm-!tvckfdu!up!sfbmmpdbujpo!ps!sfevdujpo!qvstvbou!up!
uif!qspwjtjpot!tfu!gpsui!jo!Tfdujpo!WJ ifsfjo!boe!jo!uif!QJE!Bdu/!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou!Spmm!nfbot!uif!Bttfttnfou!Spmm!gps!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!
$2!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz-!bt!vqebufe-!npejgjfe-!ps!bnfoefe!gspn!ujnf!up!ujnf!jo!bddpsebodf!xjui!
uif!qspdfevsft!tfu!gpsui!ifsfjo!boe!jo!uif!QJE!Bdu-!jodmvejoh!boz!vqebuft!qsfqbsfe!jo!dpoofdujpo!
xjui!uif!jttvbodf!pg!QJE!Cpoet!ps!boz!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuft/!Uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!
Bttfttnfou!Spmm!jt!jodmvefe!jo!uijt!Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!bt!Fyijcju!
G.2/!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout!nfbot!dpmmfdujwfmz-!)2*!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!
Bsfb!$2!Qspkfdut<!)3*!uif!gjstu!zfbst!Boovbm!Dpmmfdujpo!Dptut!sfmbufe!up!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!
Cpoet<!boe!)4*!Cpoe!Jttvbodf!Dptut!jodvssfe!jo!dpoofdujpo!xjui!uif!jttvbodf!pg!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!
Bsfb!$2!Cpoet/!
GPSFTUCSPPLQVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
6!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Cpoet!nfbot!uiptf!dfsubjo!Djuz!pg!Qbsjt-!Ufybt-!Tqfdjbm!Bttfttnfou!
Sfwfovf!Cpoet-!Tfsjft!3136!)Gpsftucsppl!Qvcmjd!Jnqspwfnfou!Ejtusjdu!Op/!2!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!
$2!Qspkfdu*!uibu!bsf!tfdvsfe!cz!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfout/
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Jnqspwfnfout!nfbot!uif!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout!xijdi!pomz!cfofgju!
uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz-!bt!gvsuifs!eftdsjcfe!jo!Tfdujpo!JJJ/C!boe!efqjdufe!
po!Fyijcju!H.3/!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Jojujbm!Qbsdfm!nfbot!bmm!pg!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!
bhbjotu!xijdi!uif!foujsf!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou!jt!up!cf!mfwjfe-!bt!tipxo!po!uif!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou!Spmm!jo!Fyijcju!G.2/!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Qspkfdut!nfbot!dpmmfdujwfmz-!)2*!uif!qsp!sbub!qpsujpo!pg!uif!Nbkps!
Jnqspwfnfout!bmmpdbcmf!up!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!boe!)3*!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!
Jnqspwfnfout/!
Joefouvsf!nfbot!bo!Joefouvsf!pg!Usvtu!foufsfe!joup!cfuxffo!uif!Djuz!boe!uif!Usvtuff!jo!
dpoofdujpo!xjui!uif!jttvbodf!pg!fbdi!tfsjft!pg!QJE!Cpoet-!bt!bnfoefe!ps!tvqqmfnfoufe!gspn!
ujnf!up!ujnf-!tfuujoh!gpsui!uif!ufsnt!boe!dpoejujpot!sfmbufe!up!b!tfsjft!pg!QJE!Cpoet/!
Mpu!nfbot!)2*!gps!boz!qpsujpo!pg!uif!Ejtusjdu!gps!xijdi!b!gjobm!tvcejwjtjpo!qmbu!ibt!cffo!sfdpsefe!
jo!uif!qmbu!ps!pggjdjbm!qvcmjd!sfdpset!pg!uif!Dpvouz-!b!usbdu!pg!mboe!eftdsjcfe!cz!mpu!jo!tvdi!
tvcejwjtjpo!qmbu<!boe!)3*!gps!boz!qpsujpo!pg!uif!Ejtusjdu!gps!xijdi!b!tvcejwjtjpo!qmbu!ibt!opu!cffo!
sfdpsefe!jo!uif!qmbu!ps!pggjdjbm!qvcmjd!sfdpset!pg!uif!Dpvouz-!b!usbdu!pg!mboe!boujdjqbufe!up!cf!
eftdsjcfe!bt!b!mpu!jo!b!gjobm!sfdpsefe!tvcejwjtjpo!qmbu!bt!tipxo!po!b!dpodfqu!qmbo!ps!b!
qsfmjnjobsz!qmbu/!B!Mpu!tibmm!opu!jodmvef!sfbm!qspqfsuz!pxofe!cz!b!hpwfsonfou!foujuz-!fwfo!jg!
tvdi!qspqfsuz!jt!eftjhobufe!bt!b!tfqbsbuf!eftdsjcfe!usbdu!ps!mpu!po!b!sfdpsefe!tvcejwjtjpo!qmbu/!
Mpu!Uzqf!nfbot!b!dmbttjgjdbujpo!pg!gjobm!cvjmejoh!Mput!xjui!tjnjmbs!dibsbdufsjtujdt!)f/h/!mpu!tj{f-!
ipnf!qspevdu-!Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!Wbmvf-!fud/*-!bt!efufsnjofe!bu!uif!ujnf!pg!uif!bqqmjdbcmf!
Bttfttnfou!Psejobodf!boe!dpogjsnfe!cz!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm/!Jo!uif!dbtf!pg!tjohmf.gbnjmz!sftjefoujbm!
Mput-!uif!Mpu!Uzqf!tibmm!cf!gvsuifs!efgjofe!cz!dmbttjgzjoh!uif!sftjefoujbm!Mput!cz!uif!Ftujnbufe!
Cvjmepvu!Wbmvf!pg!uif!Mpu!bt!qspwjefe!cz!uif!Efwfmpqfs-!boe!dpogjsnfe!cz!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm-!bt
tipxo!po!Fyijcju!F/!
Mpu!Uzqf!2!nfbot!b!Mpu!Uzqf!xjuijo!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!hfofsbmmz!nbslfufe!up!ipnfcvjmefst
bt!b!66!Mpu/!Uif!cvzfs!ejtdmptvsf!gps!Mpu!Uzqf!2!jt!buubdife!ifsfup!bt!qbsu!pg!Bqqfoejy!C/!
Nbkps!Jnqspwfnfout!nfbo!uiptf!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout!uibu!dpogfs!b!tqfdjbm!cfofgju!up!
bmm!pg!uif!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!boe!Bqqpsujpofe!Qspqfsuz!xjuijo!uif!Ejtusjdu-!bt!gvsuifs!eftdsjcfe!jo!
Tfdujpo!JJJ/B/!boe!efqjdufe!po!Fyijcju!H.2/!
GPSFTUCSPPLQVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
7!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
Nbyjnvn!Bttfttnfou!nfbot-!gps!fbdi!Mpu-!bo!Bttfttnfou!frvbm!up!uif!mfttfs!pg!)2*!uif!
bnpvou!dbmdvmbufe!qvstvbou!up!Tfdujpo!WJ/B-!ps!)3*!gps!fbdi!Mpu!Uzqf-!uif!bnpvou!tipxo!po!
Fyijcju!F/!
Opo.Cfofgjuufe!Qspqfsuz!nfbot!Qbsdfmt!xjuijo!uif!cpvoebsjft!pg!uif!Ejtusjdu!uibu!bddsvf!op!
tqfdjbm!cfofgju!gspn!uif!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout!bt!efufsnjofe!cz!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm/!
Opujdf!pg!Bttfttnfou!Ufsnjobujpo!nfbot!b!epdvnfou!uibu!tibmm!cf!sfdpsefe!jo!uif!pggjdjbm!
qvcmjd!sfdpset!pg!uif!Dpvouz!fwjefodjoh!uif!ufsnjobujpo!pg!bo!Bttfttnfou-!b!gpsn!pg!xijdi!jt!
buubdife!bt!Fyijcju!I/!
Psjhjobm!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbonfbot!uif!Gpsftucsppl!Qvcmjd!Jnqspwfnfou!EjtusjduOp/!
2!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo-!bqqspwfe!cz!Psejobodf!Op/!3136.124-!xijdi!jt!sfqmbdfe!jo!jut!
foujsfuz!cz!uijt!Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo/!!
Qbsdfm!ps!Qbsdfmt!nfbot!b!tqfdjgjd!qspqfsuz!xjuijo!uif!Ejtusjdu!jefoujgjfe!cz!fjuifs!b!uby!qbsdfm!
jefoujgjdbujpo!ovncfs!bttjhofe!cz!uif!Mbnbs!Dpvouz!Bqqsbjtbm!Ejtusjdu!gps!sfbm!qspqfsuz!uby!
qvsqptft-!cz!mfhbm!eftdsjqujpo-!ps!cz!mpu!boe!cmpdl!ovncfs!jo!b!gjobm!tvcejwjtjpo!qmbu!sfdpsefe!jo!
uif!qmbu!ps!uif!pggjdjbm!qvcmjd!sfdpset!pg!uif!Dpvouz-!ps!cz!boz!puifs!nfbot!efufsnjofe!cz!uif!
Djuz/!
QJE!Bdu!nfbot!Dibqufs!483-!Ufybt!Mpdbm!Hpwfsonfou!Dpef-!bt!bnfoefe/!
QJE!Cpoet!nfbot!boz!cpoet!jttvfe!cz!uif!Djuz!jo!pof!ps!npsf!tfsjft!boe!tfdvsfe!jo!xipmf!ps!
jo!qbsu!cz!Bttfttnfout/!
Qsfqbznfou!nfbot!uif!qbznfou!pg!bmm!ps!b!qpsujpo!pg!bo!Bttfttnfou!cfgpsf!uif!evf!ebuf!pg!
uif!gjobm!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfou!uifsfpg/!Bnpvout!sfdfjwfe!bu!uif!ujnf!pg!b!Qsfqbznfou!xijdi!
sfqsftfou!b!qbznfou!pg!qsjodjqbm-!joufsftu-!ps!qfobmujft!po!b!efmjorvfou!jotubmmnfou!pg!bo!
Bttfttnfou!bsf!opu!up!cf!dpotjefsfe!b!Qsfqbznfou-!cvu!sbuifs!bsf!up!cf!usfbufe!bt!uif!qbznfou!
pg!uif!sfhvmbsmz!tdifevmfe!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfou/!
Qsfqbznfou!Dptut!nfbot!joufsftu-!jodmvejoh!Beejujpobm!Joufsftu!boe!Boovbm!Dpmmfdujpo!Dptut-!
up!uif!ebuf!pg!Qsfqbznfou/!
Qsjwbuf!Jnqspwfnfout!nfbot!jnqspwfnfout!sfrvjsfe!up!cf!dpotusvdufe-!ps!dbvtfe!up!cf!
dpotusvdufe-!cz!uif!Efwfmpqfs!up!efmjwfs!gjobm!Mput!boe!uibu!bsf!opu!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout/!
Dptut!pg!uif!Qsjwbuf!Jnqspwfnfou!xjmm!opu!cf!qbje!ops!sfjncvstfe!gspn!uif!qspdffet!pg!QJE!Cpoet!
ps!puifsxjtf!gspn!sfwfovft!sfdfjwfe!gspn!uif!dpmmfdujpo!pg!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout/!
Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!nfbot!bqqspyjnbufmz!52/656!bdsft!mpdbufe!xjuijo!uif!Ejtusjdu-!bt!npsf!
tqfdjgjdbmmz!eftdsjcfe!po!Fyijcju!K.4!boe!efqjdufe!po!Fyijcju!B.3-!up!cf!efwfmpqfe!bt!pof!ps!npsf!
GPSFTUCSPPLQVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
8!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
gvuvsf!jnqspwfnfou!bsfbt/!Uif!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!jodmveft!bmm!pg!uif!Ejtusjdu!tbwf!boe!fydfqu!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2/!
Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!Bqqpsujpofe!Qspqfsuz!nfbot!boz!Qbsdfm!xjuijo!uif!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb-!puifs!
uibo!Opo.Cfofgjuufe!Qspqfsuz-!bhbjotu!xijdi!b!qpsujpo!pg!uif!Bduvbm!Dptut!pg!uif!Nbkps!
Jnqspwfnfout!bsf!bqqpsujpofe!cbtfe!po!tqfdjbm!dpogfssfe!cfofgju-!boe!bhbjotu!xijdi!bo!
Bttfttnfou!jt!fyqfdufe!up!cf!mfwjfe-!cvu!opu!zfu!mfwjfe/
Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!Bqqpsujponfou!pg!Dptut!nfbot!bo!Bqqpsujponfou!pg!Dptut!bhbjotu!b!Qbsdfm!
xjuijo!uif!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!gps!uif!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!Qspkfdut-!bt!tipxo!po!Fyijcju!C.3-!tvckfdu!up!
sfbmmpdbujpo!ps!sfevdujpo!bddpsejoh!up!uif!qspwjtjpot!ifsfjo!boe!jo!uif!QJE!Bdu/!
Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!Qspkfdut!nfbot!uif!qsp!sbub!qpsujpo!pg!uif!Nbkps!Jnqspwfnfout!bmmpdbcmf!up!
uif!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!cbtfe!po!Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!Wbmvf/!
Tfswjdf!Qmbo!nfbot!uif!qmbo!eftdsjcfe!jo!Tfdujpo!JW!xijdi!dpwfst!b!qfsjpe!pg!bu!mfbtu!gjwf!zfbst!
boe!efgjoft!uif!boovbm!joefcufeoftt!boe!qspkfdufe!dptut!pg!uif!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout/!
Usvtuff!nfbot!uif!usvtuff!ps!tvddfttps!usvtuff!voefs!bo!Joefouvsf/
!!
GPSFTUCSPPLQVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
9!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
TFDUJPO!JJ;!UIF!EJTUSJDU!
Uif!Ejtusjdu!jodmveft!bqqspyjnbufmz!6:/732!dpoujhvpvt!bdsft!mpdbufe!xjuijo!uif!dpsqpsbuf!mjnjut!
pg!uif!Djuz-!uif!cpvoebsjft!pg!xijdi!bsf!npsf!qbsujdvmbsmz!eftdsjcfe!po!Fyijcju!K.2!boe!efqjdufe!
po!Fyijcju!B.2/!Efwfmpqnfou!pg!uif!Ejtusjdu!jt!boujdjqbufe!up!jodmvef!bqqspyjnbufmz!3:2!Mput!
efwfmpqfe!xjui!tjohmf.gbnjmz!ipnft/!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!jodmveft!bqqspyjnbufmz!29/187!dpoujhvpvt!bdsft!mpdbufe!xjuijo!uif!
dpsqpsbuf!mjnjut!pg!uif!Djuz-!uif!cpvoebsjft!pg!xijdi!bsf!npsf!qbsujdvmbsmz!eftdsjcfe!po!Fyijcju!
K.3!boe!efqjdufe!po!Fyijcju!B.3/!Efwfmpqnfou!pg!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!jt!boujdjqbufe!up!jodmvef!
bqqspyjnbufmz!98!Mput!efwfmpqfe!xjui!tjohmf.gbnjmz!ipnft!dmbttjgjfe!bt!Mpu!Uzqf!2/!
Uif!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!jodmveft!bqqspyjnbufmz!52/656!bdsft!mpdbufe!xjuijo!uif!dpsqpsbuf!mjnjut!pg!
uif!Djuz-!uif!cpvoebsjft!pg!xijdi!bsf!npsf!qbsujdvmbsmz!eftdsjcfe!po!Fyijcju!K.4!boe!efqjdufe!po!
Fyijcju!B.3/!Efwfmpqnfou!pg!uif!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!jt!boujdjqbufe!up!jodmvef!bqqspyjnbufmz!315!Mput!
efwfmpqfe!xjui!tjohmf.gbnjmz!ipnft/!
TFDUJPO!JJJ;!BVUIPSJ\[FE!JNQSPWFNFOUT!!
Cbtfe!po!jogpsnbujpo!jo!uif!Fohjoffst!Sfqpsu!qspwjefe!cz!uif!Efwfmpqfs!boe!jut!fohjoffs!boe!
sfwjfxfe!cz!uif!Djuz!tubgg!boe!cz!uijse.qbsuz!dpotvmubout!sfubjofe!cz!uif!Djuz!uif!Djuz!ibt!
efufsnjofe!uibu!uif!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout!dpogfs!b!tqfdjbm!cfofgju!po!uif!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz
boe!uif!Bqqpsujpofe!Qspqfsuz/!!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout!xjmm!cf!eftjhofe!boe!dpotusvdufe!jo!
bddpsebodf!xjui!uif!Djuzt!tuboebset!boe!tqfdjgjdbujpot!boe!xjmm!cf!pxofe!boe!pqfsbufe!cz!uif!
Djuz-!ps!bt!puifsxjtf!opufe!cfmpx/!Uif!cvehfu!gps!uif!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout!jt!tipxo!po!
Fyijcju!C.2/!Uif!Bqqpsujponfou!pg!Dptut!pg!uif!Nbkps!Jnqspwfnfout!jt!tipxo!po!Fyijcju!C.3/!
B/Nbkps!Jnqspwfnfout!
Tbojubsz!Tfxfs!!
Jnqspwfnfout!jodmvejoh!usfodi!fydbwbujpo!boe!fncfenfou-!usfodi!tbgfuz-!qjqjoh-
nboipmft-!tfswjdf!dpoofdujpot-!uftujoh-!boe!bmm!puifs!ofdfttbsz!bqqvsufobodft
dpotusvdufe!up!Djuz!tuboebset!sfrvjsfe!up!qspwjef!tbojubsz!tfxfs!tfswjdf!up!bmm!Mput!xjuijo
uif!Ejtusjdu/!Uif!tbojubsz!tfxfs!jnqspwfnfout!xjmm!cf!pxofe!boe!pqfsbufe!cz!uif!Djuz/!
Xbufs!
Jnqspwfnfout!jodmvejoh!usfodi!fydbwbujpo!boe!fncfenfou-!usfodi!tbgfuz-!qjqjoh-!wbmwft-!
gjsf!izesbou!bttfncmjft-!uftujoh-!boe!bmm!puifs!ofdfttbsz!bqqvsufobodft!dpotusvdufe!up!
Djuz!tuboebset!sfrvjsfe!up!qspwjef!xbufs!tfswjdf!up!bmm!Mput!xjuijo!uif!Ejtusjdu/!Uif!xbufs!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
:!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
jnqspwfnfout!xjmm!cf!pxofe!boe!pqfsbufe!cz!uif!Djuz/!!
Qpdlfu!Qbsl!
Jnqspwfnfout!jodmvejoh!bo!pvuepps!hsbef!dpnnfsdjbm!qmbzhspvoe!tfu-!boe!pvuepps!
qfeftubm!esjoljoh!gpvoubjo!xjui!cpuupn!qfu!gpvoubjo-!b!cjdzdmf!sbdl-!gpvs!)5*!pvuepps!
cfodift-!qbsljoh!tqbdft-!boe!bmm!puifs!ofdfttbsz!bqqvsufobodft!dpotusvdufe!up!Djuz!
tuboebset!sfrvjsfe!up!qspwjef!b!qpdlfu!qbsl!up!bmm!Mput!xjuijo!uif!Ejtusjdu/!Uif!qpdlfu!qbsl!
jnqspwfnfout!xjmm!cf!pxofe!boe!pqfsbufe!cz!uif!Djuz/!
Tpgu!Dptut
Dptut!sfmbufe!up!eftjhojoh-!dpotusvdujoh-!boe!jotubmmjoh!uif!Nbkps!Jnqspwfnfout!jodmvejoh!
mboe!qmboojoh!boe!eftjho-!Djuz!gfft-!fohjoffsjoh-!tpjm!uftujoh-!tvswfz-!dpotusvdujpo!
nbobhfnfou-!dpoujohfodz-!mfhbm!gfft-!boe!dpotvmubou!gfft/!
C/Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Jnqspwfnfout!
Tusffut!
Jnqspwfnfout!jodmvejoh!tvchsbef!tubcjmj{bujpo-!qbwfnfou-!tjefxbmlt-!cbssjfs!gsff!sbnqt-!
tjhobhf-!tusjqjoh-!tusffumjhiut-!uftujoh-!boe!bmm!puifs!nbufsjbmt!bttpdjbufe!xjui!uif!qvcmjd!
sftjefoujbm!spbe!sjhiut.pg.xbz!xjuijo!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2/!Uif!spbexbz!jnqspwfnfout!
xjmm!cf!pxofe!boe!pqfsbufe!cz!uif!Djuz/!!
Xbufs!
Jnqspwfnfout!jodmvejoh!usfodi!fydbwbujpo!boe!fncfenfou-!usfodi!tbgfuz-!qjqjoh-!wbmft-!
gjsf!izesbou!bttfncmjft-!tfswjdf!dpoofdujpot-!uftujoh-!boe!bmm!puifs!ofdfttbsz!
bqqvsufobodft!dpotusvdufe!up!Djuz!tuboebset!sfrvjsfe!up!qspwjef!xbufs!tfswjdf!up!fbdi!
Mpu!xjuijo!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2/!Uif!xbufs!jnqspwfnfout!xjmm!cf!pxofe!boe!pqfsbufe!
cz!uif!Djuz/!!
Tbojubsz!Tfxfs!!
Jnqspwfnfout!jodmvejoh!usfodi!fydbwbujpo!boe!fncfenfou-!usfodi!tbgfuz-!qjqjoh-!
nboipmft-!tfswjdf!dpoofdujpot-!uftujoh-!boe!bmm!puifs!ofdfttbsz!bqqvsufobodft!
dpotusvdufe!up!Djuz!tuboebset!sfrvjsfe!up!qspwjef!tbojubsz!tfxfs!tfswjdf!up!fbdi!Mpu!
xjuijo!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2/!Uif!tbojubsz!tfxfs!jnqspwfnfout!xjmm!cf!pxofe!boe!
pqfsbufe!cz!uif!Djuz/!
Tupsn!Esbjobhf
Jnqspwfnfout!jodmvejoh!usfodi!fydbwbujpo!boe!fncfenfou-!usfodi!tbgfuz-!qjqjoh-!jomfut-!
GPSFTUCSPPLQVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
21!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
ifbexbmmt-!spdl!sjq.sbq-!qpoe!pvugbmmt-!uftujoh-!boe!bmm!puifs!ofdfttbsz!bqqvsufobodft!
dpotusvdufe!up!Djuz!tuboebset!sfrvjsfe!up!qspwjef!befrvbuf!esbjobhf!xjuijo!Jnqspwfnfou!
Bsfb!$2/!Uif!tupsn!tfxfs!jnqspwfnfout!xjmm!cf!pxofe!boe!pqfsbufe!cz!uif!Djuz/!
Tpgu!Dptut
Dptut!sfmbufe!up!eftjhojoh-!dpotusvdujoh-!boe!jotubmmjoh!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb$2!
Jnqspwfnfout!jodmvejoh!mboe!qmboojoh!boe!eftjho-!Djuz!gfft-!fohjoffsjoh-!tpjm!uftujoh-!
tvswfz-!dpotusvdujpo!nbobhfnfou-!dpoujohfodz-!mfhbm!gfft-!boe!dpotvmubou!gfft/!!
D/Cpoe!Jttvbodf!Dptut!
Efcu!Tfswjdf!Sftfswf!Gvoe!
Frvbmt!uif!bnpvou!up!cf!efqptjufe!jo!b!efcu!tfswjdf!sftfswf!gvoe!voefs!bo!bqqmjdbcmf!
Joefouvsf!jo!dpoofdujpo!xjui!uif!jttvbodf!pg!QJE!Cpoet/
Voefsxsjufst!Ejtdpvou!
Frvbmt!b!qfsdfoubhf!pg!uif!qbs!bnpvou!pg!b!qbsujdvmbs!tfsjft!pg!QJE!Cpoet!sfmbufe!up!uif!
dptut!pg!voefsxsjujoh!tvdi!QJE!Cpoet-!jodmvejoh!uif!voefsxsjufst!dpvotfm!gff/!
Dptu!pg!Jttvbodf
Jodmveft!dptut!pg!jttvjoh!b!qbsujdvmbs!tfsjft!pg!QJE!Cpoet-!jodmvejoh!cvu!opu!mjnjufe!up!jttvfs!
gfft-!buupsofztgfft-!gjobodjbm!bewjtpsz!gfft-!dpotvmubou!gfft-!bqqsbjtbm!gfft-!qsjoujoh!
dptut-!qvcmjdbujpo!dptut-!Djuzt!dptut-!gfft!dibshfe!cz!uif!Ufybt!Buupsofz!Hfofsbm-!boe!boz!
puifs!dptu!ps!fyqfotf!ejsfdumz!bttpdjbufe!xjui!uif!jttvbodf!pg!QJE!Cpoet/!
E/Puifs!Dptut!
Efqptju!up!Benjojtusbujwf!Gvoe!
Frvbmt!uif!bnpvou!ofdfttbsz!up!gvoe!uif!gjstu!zfbst!Boovbm!Dpmmfdujpo!Dptut!gps!b!
qbsujdvmbs!tfsjft!pg!QJE!Cpoet/!
TFDUJPO!JW;!TFSWJDF!QMBO!
Uif!QJE!Bdu!sfrvjsft!uif!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!up!dpwfs!b!qfsjpe!pg!bu!mfbtu!gjwf!zfbst/!Uif!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!jt!
sfrvjsfe!up!efgjof!uif!boovbm!qspkfdufe!dptut!boe!joefcufeoftt!gps!uif!Bvuipsj{fe!
Jnqspwfnfout!voefsublfo!xjuijo!uif!Ejtusjdu!evsjoh!uif!gjwf.zfbs!qfsjpe/!!Uif!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!jt!bmtp!
sfrvjsfe!up!jodmvef!b!dpqz!pg!uif!cvzfs!ejtdmptvsf!opujdf!gpsn!sfrvjsfe!cz!Tfdujpo!6/125!pg!uif!
Ufybt!Qspqfsuz!Dpef-!bt!bnfoefe/!Uif!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!nvtu!cf!sfwjfxfe!boe!vqebufe!jo!fbdi!
Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuf/!!Fyijcju!D tvnnbsj{ft!uif!jojujbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!gps!uif!Ejtusjdu/!Qfs!uif!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
22!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
QJE!Bdu!boe!Tfdujpo!6/125!pg!uif!Ufybt!Qspqfsuz!Dpef-!bt!bnfoefe-!uijt!Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!
Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo-!boe!boz!gvuvsf!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuft-!tibmm!jodmvef!b!gpsn!
pg!uif!cvzfs!ejtdmptvsf!gps!uif!Ejtusjdu/!Uif!cvzfs!ejtdmptvsft!bsf!buubdife!ifsfup!bt!Bqqfoejy!
C/!
Fyijcju!E!tvnnbsj{ft!uif!tpvsdft!boe!vtft!pg!gvoet!sfrvjsfe!up!dpotusvdu!uif!Bvuipsj{fe!
Jnqspwfnfout/!!Uif!tpvsdft!boe!vtft!pg!gvoet!tipxo!po!Fyijcju!E!tibmm!cf!vqebufe!fbdi!zfbs!jo!
bo!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuf!boe!bt!ofdfttbsz!up!sfgmfdu!boz!cvehfu!sfwjtjpot!bu!uif!ujnf!uif!
QJE!Cpoet!bsf!jttvfe/!
TFDUJPO!W;!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
Uif!QJE!Bdu!bmmpxt!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!up!bqqpsujpo!uif!dptut!pg!uif!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout!up!uif!
Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!boe!Bqqpsujpofe!Qspqfsuz!cbtfe!po!uif!tqfdjbm!cfofgju!sfdfjwfe!gspn!uif!
Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout/!Uif!QJE!Bdu!qspwjeft!uibu!tvdi!dptut!nbz!cf!bqqpsujpofe;!)2*!frvbmmz!
qfs!gspou!gppu!ps!trvbsf!gppu<!)3*!bddpsejoh!up!uif!wbmvf!pg!qspqfsuz!bt!efufsnjofe!cz!uif!Djuz!
Dpvodjm!xjui!ps!xjuipvu!sfhbse!up!jnqspwfnfout!dpotusvdufe!po!uif!qspqfsuz<!ps!)4*!jo!boz!puifs!
nboofs!bqqspwfe!cz!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!uibu!sftvmut!jo!jnqptjoh!frvbm!tibsft!pg!tvdi!dptut!po!
qspqfsuz!tjnjmbsmz!cfofgjufe/!!Uif!QJE!Bdu!gvsuifs!qspwjeft!uibu!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!nbz!ftubcmjti!cz!
psejobodf!ps!psefs!sfbtpobcmf!dmbttjgjdbujpot!boe!gpsnvmbt!gps!uif!bqqpsujponfou!pg!uif!dptu!
cfuxffo!uif!Djuz!boe!uif!bsfb!up!cf!bttfttfe!boe!uif!nfuipet!pg!bttfttjoh!uif!tqfdjbm!cfofgjut!
gps!wbsjpvt!dmbttft!pg!jnqspwfnfout/!
Uijt!tfdujpo!pg!uijt!Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!eftdsjcft!uif!tqfdjbm!
cfofgju!sfdfjwfe!cz!fbdi!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!xjuijo!uif!Ejtusjdu!bt!b!sftvmu!pg!uif!Bvuipsj{fe!
Jnqspwfnfout!boe!qspwjeft!uif!cbtjt!boe!kvtujgjdbujpo!gps!uif!efufsnjobujpo!uibu!uijt!tqfdjbm!
cfofgju!frvbmt!ps!fydffet!uif!bnpvou!pg!uif!Bttfttnfout!up!cf!mfwjfe!po!uif!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!
gps!tvdi!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout/!
Uif!efufsnjobujpo!cz!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!pg!uif!Bttfttnfou!nfuipepmphjft!tfu!gpsui!cfmpx!jt!uif!
sftvmu!pg!uif!ejtdsfujpobsz!fyfsdjtf!cz!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!pg!jut!mfhjtmbujwf!bvuipsjuz!boe!
hpwfsonfoubm!qpxfst!boe!jt!dpodmvtjwf!boe!cjoejoh!po!uif!Efwfmpqfs-!boe!bmm!gvuvsf!pxofst!boe!
efwfmpqfst!pg!uif!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!boe!Bqqpsujpofe!Qspqfsuz/!
B/Bttfttnfou!Nfuipepmphz!
Bdujoh!jo!jut!mfhjtmbujwf!dbqbdjuz!boe!cbtfe!po!jogpsnbujpo!qspwjefe!cz!uif!Efwfmpqfs!boe!jut!
fohjoffs!boe!sfwjfxfe!cz!uif!Djuz!tubgg!boe!cz!uijse.qbsuz!dpotvmubout!sfubjofe!cz!uif!Djuz-!uif!
Djuz!Dpvodjm!ibt!efufsnjofe!uibu!uif!dptut!sfmbufe!up!uif!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout!tibmm!cf!
bmmpdbufe!bt!gpmmpxt;!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
23!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
Bu!uif!ujnf!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!bqqspwfe!uif!Psjhjobm!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo-!uif!dptut!
pg!uif!Nbkps!Jnqspwfnfout!xfsf!bmmpdbufe!up!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!boe!bqqpsujpofe!up!
uif!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!cbtfe!vqpo!Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!Wbmvf!pg!fbdi!Qbsdfm!ps!Bttfttfe!
Qspqfsuz!up!uif!Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!Wbmvf!pg!uif!Ejtusjdu/!Uif!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!jt
bqqpsujpofe!81/21&!pg!uif!Nbkps!Jnqspwfnfout!dptut-!boe!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!jt!
bmmpdbufe!3:/:1&!pg!uif!Nbkps!Jnqspwfnfout!dptut/!Uif!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!boe!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2t!tibsft!pg!uif!Nbkps!Jnqspwfnfou!dptut!bsf!jmmvtusbufe!jo!Fyijcju!
C.3/!
Bu!uif!ujnf!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!bqqspwfe!uif!Psjhjobm!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo-!uif!dptut!
pg!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout!xfsf!bmmpdbufe!up!fbdi!Qbsdfm!
xjuijo!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!cbtfe!po!uif!sbujp!pg!uif!Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!Wbmvf!pg!fbdi!
Qbsdfm!eftjhobufe!bt!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!up!uif!Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!
Wbmvf!pg!bmm!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz/!Dvssfoumz-!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!
$2!Jojujbm!Qbsdfm!jt!uif!pomz!Qbsdfm!xjuijo!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2-!boe!bt!tvdi-!uif!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Jojujbm!Qbsdfm!jt!bmmpdbufe!211&!pg!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!
Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout/!!!
C/Bttfttnfout!
Bu!uif!ujnf!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!bqqspwfe!uif!3136!Bttfttnfou!Psejobodf-!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!
$2!Bttfttnfou!xbt!mfwjfe!po!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Jojujbm!Qbsdfm!jo!uif!bnpvou!tipxo!po!uif!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou!Spmm-!buubdife!ifsfup!bt!Fyijcju!G.2/!!Uif!qspkfdufe!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout!bsf!tipxo!po!Fyijcju!G.3!boe!bsf!tvckfdu!up!sfwjtjpot!
nbef!jo!boz!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuf/!Vqpo!ejwjtjpo!ps!tvcejwjtjpo!pg!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!
$2!Jojujbm!Qbsdfm-!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou!xjmm!cf!sfbmmpdbufe!qvstvbou!up!Tfdujpo!
WJ/!
Uif!Nbyjnvn!Bttfttnfou!gps!fbdi!dvssfou!Mpu!Uzqf!jt!tipxo!po!Fyijcju!F/Jo!op!dbtf!xjmm!uif!
Bttfttnfou!gps!Mpu!Uzqft!dmbttjgjfe!bt!Mpu!Uzqf!2fydffe!uif!dpssftqpoejoh!Nbyjnvn!
Bttfttnfougps!fbdi!Mpu!Uzqf!dmbttjgjdbujpo/!
D/Gjoejoht!pg!Tqfdjbm!Cfofgju!
Bdujoh!jo!jut!mfhjtmbujwf!dbqbdjuz!boe!cbtfe!po!jogpsnbujpo!qspwjefe!cz!uif!Efwfmpqfs!boe!jut!
fohjoffs!boe!sfwjfxfe!cz!Djuz!tubgg!boe!cz!uijse.qbsuz!dpotvmubout!sfubjofe!cz!uif!Djuz-!uif!Djuz!
Dpvodjm!ibt!gpvoe!boe!efufsnjofe!uif!gpmmpxjoh;!
GPSFTUCSPPLQVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
24!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!
Uif!dptut!pg!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout!frvbm!
%5-5:8-979!bt!tipxo!po!Fyijcju!C.2<!boe!
Uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!sfdfjwft!tqfdjbm!cfofgju!gspn!uif!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout!frvbm!up!ps!hsfbufs!uibo!uif!
Bduvbm!Dptu!pg!uifJnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout<!boe!
Bu!uif!ujnf!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!bqqspwfe!uif!Psjhjobm!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo-!
uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Jojujbm!Qbsdfm!xbt!bmmpdbufe!211&!pg!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!
Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou!mfwjfe!gps!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bvuipsj{fe!
Jnqspwfnfout-!xijdi!frvbmt!%3-123-111!bt!tipxo!po!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!
Bttfttnfou!Spmm!buubdife!ifsfup!bt!Fyijcju!G.2<!
Uif!tqfdjbm!cfofgju!)!!%5-5:8-979*!sfdfjwfe!cz!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Jojujbm!
Qbsdfm!gspn!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout!jt!frvbm!up!ps!
hsfbufs!uibo!uif!bnpvou!pg!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou!)%3-123-111*!
mfwjfe!po!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Jojujbm!Qbsdfm!bu!uif!ujnf!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!
bqqspwfe!uif!3136!Bttfttnfou!Psejobodf!gps!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!
Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout<!boe!
Bu!uif!ujnf!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!bqqspwfe!uif!Psjhjobm!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo-!
uif!Efwfmpqfs!pxofe!211&!pg!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Jojujbm!Qbsdfm/!Uif!
Efwfmpqfs!bdlopxmfehfe!uibu!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bvuipsj{fe!
Jnqspwfnfout!dpogfs!b!tqfdjbm!cfofgju!po!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Jojujbm!Qbsdfm!
boe!dpotfoufe!up!uif!jnqptjujpo!pg!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou!up!qbz!
gps!uif!Bduvbm!Dptut!bttpdjbufe!uifsfxjui/!Uif!Efwfmpqfs!sbujgjfe-!dpogjsnfe-!
bddfqufe-!bhsffe!up-!boe!bqqspwfe;!)2*!uif!efufsnjobujpot!boe!gjoejoht!cz!uif!Djuz!
Dpvodjm!bt!up!uif!tqfdjbm!cfofgjut!eftdsjcfe!ifsfjo!boe!uif!3136!Bttfttnfou!
Psejobodf<!)3*!uif!Psjhjobm!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!boe!uif!3136!Bttfttnfou!
Psejobodf<!boe!)4*!uif!mfwzjoh!pg!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou!po!uif!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Jojujbm!Qbsdfm/!
Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!
Uif!dptut!pg!uif!Nbkps!Jnqspwfnfout!bmmpdbcmf!up!uif!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!frvbm!
%716-599!bt!tipxo!po!Fyijcju!C.2<!boe!
GPSFTUCSPPLQVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
25!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
Uif!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!sfdfjwft!tqfdjbm!cfofgju!gspn!uif!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!Qspkfdut
frvbm!up!ps!hsfbufs!uibo!uif!Bduvbm!Dptu!pg!uif!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!Qspkfdut!bmmpdbcmf!
up!uif!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!Bqqpsujpofe!Qspqfsuz<!boe
Bu!uif!ujnf!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!bqqspwfe!uif!Psjhjobm!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo-!
uif!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!Bqqpsujpofe!Qspqfsuz!xbt!bqqpsujpofe!81/21&!pg!uif!Nbkps!
Jnqspwfnfout-!xijdi!frvbmt!%716-599!bt!tipxo!po!Fyijcju!C.2-!pg!xijdi!bmm!ps!b!
qpsujpo!jt!boujdjqbufe!up!cf!mfwjfe!bu!b!mbufs!ebuf<!boe!
Bu!uif!ujnf!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!bqqspwfe!uif!Psjhjobm!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo-!
uif!Efwfmpqfs!pxofe!211&!pg!uif!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb/!Uif!Efwfmpqfs!bdlopxmfehfe!
uibu!uif!Nbkps!Jnqspwfnfout!dpogfs!b!tqfdjbm!cfofgju!po!uif!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!boe!
dpotfoufe!up!uif!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!Bqqpsujponfou!pg!Dptut!jo!boujdjqbujpo!pg!b!
gvuvsf!mfwz!pg!Bttfttnfout!cz!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!up!qbz!gps!bmm!ps!b!qpsujpo!pg!uif!
Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!qpsujpo!pg!dptut!bttpdjbufe!uifsfxjui/!Uif!Efwfmpqfs!sbujgjfe-!
dpogjsnfe-!bddfqufe-!bhsffe!up-!boe!bqqspwfe;!)2*!uif!efufsnjobujpot!boe!
gjoejoht!cz!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!bt!up!uif!tqfdjbm!cfofgjut!eftdsjcfe!ifsfjo<!)3*!uif!
Psjhjobm!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo<!boe!)4*!uif!Bqqpsujponfou!pg!Dptut!po!uif!
Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!Bqqpsujpofe!Qspqfsuz/!
E/Boovbm!Dpmmfdujpo!Dptut!
Uif!Boovbm!Dpmmfdujpo!Dptut!tibmm!cf!qbje!gps!boovbmmz!cz!uif!pxofs!pg!fbdi!Qbsdfm!qsp!sbub!cbtfe!
po!uif!sbujp!pg!uif!bnpvou!pg!pvutuboejoh!Bttfttnfou!sfnbjojoh!po!uif!Qbsdfm!up!uif!upubm!
pvutuboejoh!Bttfttnfou/!!Uif!Boovbm!Dpmmfdujpo!Dptut!tibmm!cf!dpmmfdufe!bt!qbsu!pg!boe!jo!uif!
tbnf!nboofs!bt!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout!jo!uif!bnpvout!tipxo!po!uif!Bttfttnfou!Spmm-!xijdi!nbz!
cf!sfwjtfe!cbtfe!po!Bduvbm!Dptut!jodvssfe!jo!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuft/!
B/Beejujpobm!Joufsftu!
Uif!joufsftu!sbuf!po!Bttfttnfout!tfdvsjoh!fbdi!sftqfdujwf!tfsjft!pg!QJE!Cpoet!nbz!fydffe!uif!
joufsftu!sbuf!po!fbdi!sftqfdujwf!tfsjft!pg!QJE!Cpoet!cz!uif!Beejujpobm!Joufsftu!Sbuf/!Up!uif!fyufou!
sfrvjsfe!cz!boz!Joefouvsf-!Beejujpobm!Joufsftu!tibmm!cf!dpmmfdufe!bt!qbsu!pg!fbdi!Boovbm!
Jotubmmnfou!sfmbufe!up!b!tfsjft!pg!QJE!Cpoet!boe!tibmm!cf!efqptjufe!qvstvbou!up!uifbqqmjdbcmf!
Joefouvsf/!!
GPSFTUCSPPLQVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
26!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
TFDUJPO!WJ;!UFSNT!PG!UIF!BTTFTTNFOUT!
Boz!sfbmmpdbujpo!pg!Bttfttnfout!bt!eftdsjcfe!jo!uijt!Tfdujpo!WJ!tibmm!cf!dpotjefsfe!bo!
benjojtusbujwf!bdujpo!pg!uif!Djuz!boe!xjmm!opu!cf!tvckfdu!up!uif!opujdf!ps!qvcmjd!ifbsjoh!
sfrvjsfnfout!voefs!uif!QJE!Bdu/!
B/Sfbmmpdbujpo!pg!Bttfttnfout!
2/Vqpo!Ejwjtjpo!Qsjps!up!Sfdpsejoh!pg!Tvcejwjtjpo!Qmbu!
Vqpo!uif!ejwjtjpo!pg!boz!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!)xjuipvu!uif!sfdpsejoh!pg!b!tvcejwjtjpo!qmbu*-!
uif!Benjojtusbups!tibmm!sfbmmpdbuf!uif!Bttfttnfou!gps!uif!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!qsjps!up!uif!
ejwjtjpo!bnpoh!uif!ofxmz!ejwjefe!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsujft!bddpsejoh!up!uif!gpmmpxjoh!gpsnvmb;
B!>!C!y!)D!ø!E*!
Xifsf!uif!ufsnt!ibwf!uif!gpmmpxjoh!nfbojoht;!
B!>!uif!Bttfttnfou!gps!uif!ofxmz!ejwjefe!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!
C!>!uif!Bttfttnfou!gps!uif!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!qsjps!up!ejwjtjpo!
D!>!uif!Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!Wbmvf!pg!uif!ofxmz!ejwjefe!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!
E!>!uif!tvn!pg!uif!Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!Wbmvf!gps!bmm!pg!uif!ofxmz!ejwjefe!Bttfttfe!
Qspqfsujft!
Uif!dbmdvmbujpo!pg!uif!Bttfttnfou!pg!bo!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!tibmm!cf!qfsgpsnfe!cz!uif!
Benjojtusbups!boe!tibmm!cf!cbtfe!po!uif!Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!Wbmvf!pg!uibu!Bttfttfe!
Qspqfsuz-!bt!qspwjefe!cz!uif!Efwfmpqfs-!sfmzjoh!po!jogpsnbujpo!gspn!ipnfcvjmefst-!
nbslfu!tuvejft-!bqqsbjtbmt-!pggjdjbm!qvcmjd!sfdpset!pg!uif!Dpvouz-!boe!boz!puifs!sfmfwbou!
jogpsnbujpo!sfhbsejoh!uif!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz-!boe!tvdi!dbmdvmbujpo!tibmm!cf!bqqspwfe!cz!
uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!jo!uif!jnnfejbufmz!gpmmpxjoh!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuf/!Uif!dbmdvmbujpo!
bt!dpogjsnfe!cz!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!tibmm!cf!dpodmvtjwf!boe!cjoejoh/!Uif!Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!
Wbmvf!gps!Mpu!Uzqf!2!jt!tipxo!po!Fyijcju!F!boe!xjmm!opu!dibohf!jo!gvuvsf!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!
Qmbo!Vqebuft!cvu!Fyijcju!F!nbz!cf!vqebufe!jo!gvuvsf!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuft!up!
bddpvou!gps!beejujpobm!Mpu!Uzqft/!
Uif!tvn!pg!uif!Bttfttnfout!gps!bmm!ofxmz!ejwjefe!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsujft!tibmm!frvbm!uif!
Bttfttnfou!gps!uif!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!qsjps!up!tvcejwjtjpo/!Uif!dbmdvmbujpo!tibmm!cf!nbef!
tfqbsbufmz!gps!fbdi!ofxmz!ejwjefe!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz/!Uif!sfbmmpdbujpo!pg!bo!Bttfttnfou!
gps!bo!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!uibu!jt!b!ipnftufbe!voefs!Ufybt!mbx!nbz!opu!fydffe!uif!
Bttfttnfou!qsjps!up!uif!sfbmmpdbujpo/!Boz!sfbmmpdbujpo!qvstvbou!up!uijt!tfdujpo!tibmm!cf!
sfgmfdufe!jo!uif!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuf!jnnfejbufmz!gpmmpxjoh!tvdi!sfbmmpdbujpo/!!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
27!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
3/Vqpo!Tvcejwjtjpo!cz!b!Sfdpsefe!Tvcejwjtjpo!Qmbu
Vqpo!uif!tvcejwjtjpo!pg!boz!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!cbtfe!po!b!sfdpsefe!tvcejwjtjpo!qmbu-!uif!
Benjojtusbups!tibmm!sfbmmpdbuf!uif!Bttfttnfou!gps!uif!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!qsjps!up!uif!
tvcejwjtjpo!bnpoh!uif!ofx!tvcejwjefe!Mput!cbtfe!po!Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!Wbmvf!bddpsejoh!
up!uif!gpmmpxjoh!gpsnvmb;!
B!>!\\C!y!)D!ø!E*^0F
Xifsf!uif!ufsnt!ibwf!uif!gpmmpxjoh!nfbojoht;
B!>!uif!Bttfttnfou!gps!uif!ofxmz!tvcejwjefe!Mpu!
C!>!uif!Bttfttnfou!gps!uif!Qbsdfm!qsjps!up!tvcejwjtjpo!
D!>!uif!tvn!pg!uif!Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!Wbmvf!pg!bmm!ofxmz!tvcejwjefe!Mput!xjui!uif!
tbnf!Mpu!Uzqf!!
E!>!uif!tvn!pg!uif!Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!Wbmvfgps!bmm!pg!uif!ofxmz!tvcejwjefe!Mput!
fydmvejoh!Opo.Cfofgjuufe!Qspqfsuz!
F>!uif!ovncfs!pg!ofxmz!tvcejwjefe!Mput!xjui!uif!tbnf!Mpu!Uzqf!
Qsjps!up!uif!sfdpsejoh!pg!b!tvcejwjtjpo!qmbu-!uif!Efwfmpqfs!tibmm!qspwjef!uif!Djuz!bo!
Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!Wbmvf!bt!pg!uif!ebuf!pg!uif!sfdpsefe!tvcejwjtjpo!qmbu!gps!fbdi!Mpu!
dsfbufe!cz!uif!sfdpsefe!tvcejwjtjpo!qmbu/!!Uif!dbmdvmbujpo!pg!uif!Bttfttnfou!gps!b!Mpu!tibmm!
cf!qfsgpsnfe!cz!uif!Benjojtusbups!cbtfe!po!Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!Wbmvf!jogpsnbujpo!
qspwjefe!cz!uif!Efwfmpqfs-!ipnfcvjmefst-!uijse!qbsuz!dpotvmubout-!boe0ps!uif!pggjdjbm!
qvcmjd!sfdpset!pg!uif!Dpvouz!sfhbsejoh!uif!Mpu-!boe!tvdi!dbmdvmbujpo!tibmm!cf!bqqspwfe!cz!
uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!jo!uif!jnnfejbufmz!gpmmpxjoh!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuf/!Uif!dbmdvmbujpo!
bt!dpogjsnfe!cz!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!tibmm!cf!dpodmvtjwf!boe!cjoejoh/!Uif!Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!
Wbmvf!gps!Mpu!Uzqf!2!jt!tipxo!po!Fyijcju!F!boe!xjmm!opu!dibohf!jo!gvuvsf!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!
Qmbo!Vqebuft/!
Uif!tvn!pg!uif!Bttfttnfout!gps!bmm!ofxmz!tvcejwjefe!Mput!tibmm!opu!fydffe!uif!Bttfttnfou!
gps!uif!qpsujpo!pg!uif!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!tvcejwjefe!qsjps!up!tvcejwjtjpo/!Uif!dbmdvmbujpo!
tibmm!cf!nbef!tfqbsbufmz!gps!fbdi!ofxmz!tvcejwjefe!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz/!Uif!sfbmmpdbujpo!
pg!bo!Bttfttnfou!gps!bo!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!uibu!jt!b!ipnftufbe!voefs!Ufybt!mbx!nbz!opu!
fydffe!uif!Bttfttnfou!qsjps!up!uif!sfbmmpdbujpo/!Boz!sfbmmpdbujpo!qvstvbou!up!uijt!tfdujpo!
tibmm!cf!sfgmfdufe!jo!uif!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuf!jnnfejbufmz!gpmmpxjoh!tvdi!
sfbmmpdbujpo/!
4/Vqpo!Dpotpmjebujpo!!
Jg!uxp!ps!npsf!Mput!ps!Qbsdfmt!bsf!dpotpmjebufe!joup!b!tjohmf!Mpu!ps!Qbsdfm-!uif!
GPSFTUCSPPLQVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
28!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
Benjojtusbups!tibmm!bmmpdbuf!uif!Bttfttnfout!bhbjotu!uif!Mput!ps!Qbsdfmt!cfgpsf!uif!
dpotpmjebujpo!up!uif!dpotpmjebufe!Mpu!ps!Qbsdfm-!xijdi!bmmpdbujpo!tibmm!cf!bqqspwfe!cz!uif!
Djuz!Dpvodjmjo!uif!ofyu!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuf!jnnfejbufmz!gpmmpxjoh!tvdi!
dpotpmjebujpo/!Uif!dbmdvmbujpo!bt!dpogjsnfe!cz!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!tibmm!cf!dpodmvtjwf!boe!
cjoejoh/!Uif!Bttfttnfou!gps!boz!sftvmujoh!Mpu!nbz!opu!fydffe!uif!Nbyjnvn!Bttfttnfou!
gps!uif!bqqmjdbcmf!Mpu!Uzqf!boe!dpnqmjbodf!nbz!sfrvjsf!b!nboebupsz!Qsfqbznfou!pg!
Bttfttnfout!qvstvbou!up!Tfdujpo!WJ/D/!
C/Nboebupsz!Qsfqbznfou!pg!Bttfttnfout!
Jg!bo!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!ps!b!qpsujpo!uifsfpg!jt!dpowfzfe!up!b!qbsuz!uibu!jt!fyfnqu!gspn!qbznfou!
pg!uif!Bttfttnfou!voefs!bqqmjdbcmf!mbx-!ps!uif!pxofs!dbvtft!b!Mpu-!Qbsdfm!ps!qpsujpo!uifsfpg!up!
cfdpnf!Opo.Cfofgjuufe!Qspqfsuz-!uif!pxofs!pg!tvdi!Mpu-!Qbsdfm!ps!qpsujpo!uifsfpg!tibmm!qbz!up!
uif!Djuz-!ps!dbvtf!up!cf!qbje!up!uif!Djuz-!uif!gvmm!bnpvou!pg!uif!Bttfttnfou-!qmvt!bmm!Qsfqbznfou!
Dptut!boe!Efmjorvfou!Dpmmfdujpo!Dptut!gps!tvdi!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz-!qsjps!up!ps!dpodvssfoumz!xjui!
boz!tvdi!dpowfzbodf!ps!bdu-!boe!op!tvdi!dpowfzbodf!tibmm!cf!fggfdujwf!voujm!uif!Djuz!sfdfjwft!tvdi!
qbznfou/!Gpmmpxjoh!qbznfou!pg!uif!gpsfhpjoh!dptut!jo!gvmm-!uif!Djuz!tibmm!qspwjef!uif!pxofs!xjui!
b!sfdpsebcmf!Opujdf!pg!Bttfttnfou!Ufsnjobujpo-!b!gpsn!pg!xijdi!jt!buubdife!ifsfup!bt!Fyijcju!
I/!
D/Usvf.Vq!pg!Bttfttnfout!jg!Nbyjnvn!Bttfttnfou!Fydffefe!bu!Qmbu!
Qsjps!up!uif!Djuz!bqqspwjoh!b!gjobm!tvcejwjtjpo!qmbu-!uif!Benjojtusbups!xjmm!dfsujgz!uibu!tvdi!qmbu!
xjmm!opu!sftvmu!jo!uif!Bttfttnfou!qfs!Mpu!gps!boz!Mpu!Uzqf!up!fydffe!uif!Nbyjnvn!Bttfttnfou/!Jg!
uif!Benjojtusbups!efufsnjoft!uibu!uif!sftvmujoh!Bttfttnfou!qfs!Mpu!gps!boz!Mpu!Uzqf!xjmm!fydffe!
uif!Nbyjnvn!Bttfttnfou!gps!uibu!Mpu!Uzqf-!uifo!)2*!uif!Bttfttnfou!bqqmjdbcmf!up!fbdi!Mpu!Uzqf!
tibmm!fbdi!cf!sfevdfe!up!uif!Nbyjnvn!Bttfttnfou-!boe!)3*!uif!qfstpo!ps!foujuz!gjmjoh!uif!qmbu!
tibmm!qbz!up!uif!Djuz-!ps!dbvtf!up!cf!qbje!up!uif!Djuz-!uif!bnpvou!uif!Bttfttnfou!xbt!sfevdfe-!
qmvt!Qsfqbznfou!Dptut!boe!Efmjorvfou!Dpmmfdujpo!Dptut-!jg!boz-!qsjps!up!uif!Djuz!bqqspwjoh!uif!
gjobm!qmbu/!Uif!Djuzt!bqqspwbm!pg!b!qmbu!xjuipvu!qbznfou!pg!tvdi!bnpvout!epft!opu!fmjnjobuf!uif!
pcmjhbujpo!pg!uif!qfstpo!ps!foujuz!gjmjoh!uif!qmbu!up!qbz!tvdi!bnpvout/!Bu!op!ujnf!tibmm!uif!
bhhsfhbuf!Bttfttnfout!gps!boz!Mpu!fydffe!uif!Nbyjnvn!Bttfttnfou/!
E/Sfevdujpo!pg!Bttfttnfout!
Jg!uif!Bduvbm!Dptut!pg!dpnqmfufe!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout!bsf!mftt!uibo!uif!Bttfttnfout-!uifo!
)j*!jo!uif!fwfou!QJE!Cpoet!ibwf!opu!cffo!jttvfe!gps!uif!qvsqptf!pg!gjobodjoh!Bvuipsj{fe!
Jnqspwfnfout!bggfdufe!cz!tvdi!sfevdujpo!jo!Bduvbm!Dptut-!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!tibmm!sfevdf!fbdi!
Bttfttnfou!po!b!qsp!sbub!cbtjt!tvdi!uibu!uif!tvn!pg!uif!sftvmujoh!sfevdfe!Bttfttnfout!gps!bmm!
Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!frvbmt!uif!sfevdfe!Bduvbm!Dptut!uibu!xfsf!fyqfoefe-!ps!)jj*!jo!uif!fwfou!uibu!
GPSFTUCSPPLQVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
29!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
QJE!Cpoet!ibwf!cffo!jttvfe!gps!uif!qvsqptf!pg!gjobodjoh!Bvuipsj{fe!Jnqspwfnfout!bggfdufe!cz!
tvdi!sfevdujpo!jo!Bduvbm!Dptut-!uif!Usvtuff!tibmm!bqqmz!bnpvout!po!efqptju!jo!uif!bqqmjdbcmf!
bddpvou!pg!uif!qspkfdu!gvoe!dsfbufe!voefs!uif!Joefouvsf!sfmbujoh!up!tvdi!tfsjft!pg!QJE!Cpoet!bt!
ejsfdufe!cz!uif!Djuz!qvstvbou!up!uif!ufsnt!pg!tvdi!Joefouvsf/!!Tvdi!fydftt!QJE!Cpoe!qspdffet!
nbz!cf!vtfe!gps!boz!qvsqptf!bvuipsj{fe!cz!tvdi!Joefouvsf/!!Uif!Bttfttnfout!tibmm!ofwfs!cf!
sfevdfe!up!bo!bnpvou!mftt!uibo!uif!bnpvou!sfrvjsfe!up!qbz!bmm!pvutuboejoh!efcu!tfswjdf!
sfrvjsfnfout!po!bmm!pvutuboejoh!QJE!Cpoet/!
Uif!Benjojtusbups!tibmm!vqebuf!)boe!tvcnju!up!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!gps!sfwjfx!boe!bqqspwbm!bt!qbsu!pg!
uif!ofyu!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuf*!uif!Bttfttnfou!Spmm!boe!dpssftqpoejoh!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout!
up!sfgmfdu!uif!sfevdfe!Bttfttnfout/!
F/Qsfqbznfou!pg!Bttfttnfout!
Uif!pxofs!pg!boz!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!nbz-!bu!boz!ujnf-!qbz!bmm!ps!boz!qbsu!pg!bo!Bttfttnfou!jo!
bddpsebodf!xjui!uif!QJE!Bdu/!Qsfqbznfou!Dptut-!jg!boz-!nbz!cf!qbje!gspn!b!sftfswf!ftubcmjtife!
voefs!uif!bqqmjdbcmf!Joefouvsf/!!Jg!bo!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfou!ibt!cffo!cjmmfe-!ps!uif!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!
Qmbo!Vqebuf!ibt!cffo!bqqspwfe!cz!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!qsjps!up!uif!Qsfqbznfou-!uif!Boovbm!
Jotubmmnfou!tibmm!cf!evf!boe!qbzbcmf!boe!tibmm!cf!dsfejufe!bhbjotu!uif!Qsfqbznfou/!
Jg!bo!Bttfttnfou!po!bo!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!jt!qsfqbje!jo!gvmm-!xjui!QsfqbznfouDptut-!)2*!uif!
Benjojtusbups!tibmm!dbvtf!uif!Bttfttnfou!up!cf!sfevdfe!po!tbje!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!boe!uif!
Bttfttnfou!Spmm!up!cf!sfwjtfe!bddpsejohmz<!)3*!uif!Benjojtusbups!tibmm!qsfqbsf!uif!sfwjtfe!
Bttfttnfou!Spmm!boe!tvcnju!tvdi!sfwjtfe!Bttfttnfou!Spmm!up!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjmgps!sfwjfx!boe!
bqqspwbm!bt!qbsu!pg!uif!ofyu!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuf<!boe!)4*!uif!pcmjhbujpo!up!qbz!uif!
Bttfttnfou!boe!dpssftqpoejoh!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout!tibmm!ufsnjobuf!xjui!sftqfdu!up!tbje!Bttfttfe!
Qspqfsuz/!
Jg!bo!Bttfttnfou!po!bo!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!jt!qsfqbje!jo!qbsu!xjui!Qsfqbznfou!Dptut;!)2*!uif!
Benjojtusbups!tibmm!dbvtf!uif!Bttfttnfou!up!cf!sfevdfe!up!{fsp!po!tbje!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!boe!
uif!Bttfttnfou!Spmm!sfwjtfe!bddpsejohmz<!)3*!uif!Benjojtusbups!tibmm!qsfqbsf!uif!sfwjtfe!
Bttfttnfou!Spmm!boe!tvcnju!tvdi!sfwjtfe!Bttfttnfou!Spmm!up!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!gps!sfwjfx!boe!
bqqspwbm!bt!qbsu!pg!uif!ofyu!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuf<!)4*!uif!pcmjhbujpo!up!qbz!uif!Bttfttnfou!
xjmm!cf!sfevdfe!up!uif!fyufou!pg!uif!Qsfqbznfou!nbef<!boe!)5*!uif!Djuz!tibmm!qspwjef!uif!pxofs!
xjui!b!sfdpsebcmf!Opujdf!pg!Bttfttnfou!Ufsnjobujpo/!
G/Qbznfou!pg!Bttfttnfou!jo!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout!
Bttfttnfout!uibu!bsf!opu!qbje!jo!gvmm!tibmm!cf!evf!boe!qbzbcmf!jo!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout/!Fyijcju!G.3!
tipxt!uif!ftujnbufe!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout/!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout!bsf!tvckfdu!
up!bekvtunfou!jo!fbdi!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuf/!
GPSFTUCSPPLQVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
2:!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
Qsjps!up!uif!sfdpsejohpg!b!gjobm!tvcejwjtjpo!qmbu-!jg!boz!Qbsdfm!tipxo!po!uif!Bttfttnfou!Spmm!jt!
bttjhofe!nvmujqmf!uby!qbsdfm!jefoujgjdbujpo!ovncfst!gps!cjmmjoh!boe!dpmmfdujpo!qvsqptft-!uif!Boovbm!
Jotubmmnfou!tibmm!cf!bmmpdbufe!qsp!sbub!cbtfe!po!uif!bdsfbhf!pg!uif!Qbsdfm!opu!jodmvejoh!boz!Opo.
Cfofgjuufe!Qspqfsuz-!bt!tipxo!cz!uif!Mbnbs!Dpvouz!Bqqsbjtbm!Ejtusjdu!gps!fbdi!uby!qbsdfm
jefoujgjdbujpo!ovncfs/!
Uif!Benjojtusbups!tibmm!qsfqbsf!boe!tvcnju!up!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!gps!jut!sfwjfx!boe!bqqspwbm!bo!
Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuf!up!bmmpx!gps!uif!cjmmjoh!boe!dpmmfdujpo!pg!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout/!!Fbdi!
Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuf!tibmm!jodmvef!vqebufe!Bttfttnfou!Spmmt!boe!vqebufe!dbmdvmbujpot!pg!
Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout/!Uif!Boovbm!Dpmmfdujpo!Dptutgps!b!hjwfo!Bttfttnfou!tibmm!cf!qbje!cz!uif!
pxofs!pg!fbdi!Qbsdfm!qsp!sbub!cbtfe!po!uif!sbujp!pg!uif!bnpvou!pg!pvutuboejoh!Bttfttnfou!
sfnbjojoh!po!uif!Qbsdfm!up!uif!upubm!pvutuboejoh!Bttfttnfou/!!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout!tibmm!cf!
sfevdfe!cz!boz!dsfejut!bqqmjfe!voefs!bo!bqqmjdbcmf!Joefouvsf-!tvdi!bt!dbqjubmj{fe!joufsftu-!
joufsftu!fbsojoht!po!bddpvou!cbmbodft-!boe!boz!puifs!gvoet!bwbjmbcmf!up!uif!Usvtuff!gps!tvdi!
qvsqptft/!!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout!tibmm!cf!dpmmfdufe!cz!uif!Djuz!jo!uif!tbnf!nboofs!boe!bu!uif!tbnf!
ujnf!bt!be!wbmpsfn!ubyft/!!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout!tibmm!cf!tvckfdu!up!uif!qfobmujft-!qspdfevsft-!boe!
gpsfdmptvsf!tbmf!jo!dbtf!pg!efmjorvfodjft!bt!tfu!gpsui!jo!uif!QJE!Bdu!boe!jo!uif!tbnf!nboofs!bt!be!
wbmpsfn!ubyft!evf!boe!pxjoh!up!uif!Djuz/!Up!uif!fyufou!qfsnjuufe!cz!uif!QJE!Bdu!ps!puifs!
bqqmjdbcmf!mbx-!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!nbz!qspwjef!gps!puifs!nfbot!pg!dpmmfdujoh!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout-!
cvu!jo!op!dbtf!tibmm!uif!Djuz!ublf!boz!bdujpo-!ps!gbjm!up!ublf!boz!bdujpo-!uibu!xpvme!dbvtf!ju!up!cf!
jo!efgbvmu!voefs!boz!Joefouvsf/!Bttfttnfout!tibmm!ibwf!uif!mjfo!qsjpsjuz!tqfdjgjfe!jo!uif!QJE!Bdu/!
Tbmft!pg!uif!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!gps!opoqbznfou!pg!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout!tibmm!cf!tvckfdu!up!uif!mjfo!
gps!uif!sfnbjojoh!voqbje!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout!bhbjotu!uif!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz-!boe!uif!Bttfttfe!
Qspqfsuz!nbz!bhbjo!cf!tpme!bu!b!kvejdjbm!gpsfdmptvsf!tbmf!jg!uif!qvsdibtfs!gbjmt!up!ujnfmz!qbz!boz!pg!
uif!sfnbjojoh!voqbje!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout!bt!uifz!cfdpnf!evf!boe!qbzbcmf/!
Uif!Djuz!sftfswft!uif!sjhiu!up!sfgvoe!QJE!Cpoet!jo!bddpsebodf!xjui!bqqmjdbcmf!mbx-!jodmvejoh!uif!
QJE!Bdu/!!Jo!uif!fwfou!pg!b!sfgvoejoh-!uif!Benjojtusbups!tibmm!sfdbmdvmbuf!uif!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout!
tp!uibu!upubm!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout!xjmm!cf!tvggjdjfou!up!qbz!uif!sfgvoejoh!cpoet-!boe!uif!sfgvoejoh!
cpoet!tibmm!dpotujuvuf!QJE!Cpoet/!
Fbdi!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfou!pg!bo!Bttfttnfou-!jodmvejoh!joufsftu!po!uif!voqbje!qsjodjqbm!pg!uif!
Bttfttnfou-!tibmm!cf!vqebufe!boovbmmz/!!Fbdi!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfou!tibmm!cf!evf!xifo!cjmmfe!boe!
tibmm!cf!efmjorvfou!jg!opu!qbje!qsjps!up!Gfcsvbsz!2!pg!uif!gpmmpxjoh!zfbs/!Uif!jojujbm!Boovbm!
Jotubmmnfout!pg!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfout!tibmm!cf!evf!xifo!cjmmfe!boe!tibmm!cf!
efmjorvfou!jg!opu!qbje!qsjps!up!Gfcsvbsz!2-!3137/!
GPSFTUCSPPLQVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
31!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
Gbjmvsf!pg!bo!pxofs!pg!bo!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!up!sfdfjwf!bo!jowpjdf!gps!bo!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfou!tibmm!
opu!sfmjfwf!tbje!pxofs!pg!uif!sftqpotjcjmjuz!gps!qbznfou!pg!uif!Bttfttnfou/!Bttfttnfout-!ps!
Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout!uifsfpg-!uibu!bsf!efmjorvfou!tibmm!jodvs!Efmjorvfou!Dpmmfdujpo!Dptut/!!
H/Qsfqbznfou!bt!b!Sftvmu!pg!bo!Fnjofou!Epnbjo!Qspdffejoh!ps!Ubljoh!!
Tvckfdu!up!bqqmjdbcmf!mbx-!jg!boz!qpsujpo!pg!boz!Qbsdfm!pg!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!jt!ublfo!gspn!bo!pxofs!
bt!b!sftvmu!pg!fnjofou!epnbjo!qspdffejoht!ps!jg!b!usbotgfs!pg!boz!qpsujpo!pg!boz!Qbsdfm!pg!Bttfttfe!
Qspqfsuz!jt!nbef!up!bo!foujuz!xjui!uif!bvuipsjuz!up!dpoefno!bmm!ps!b!qpsujpo!pg!uif!Bttfttfe!
Qspqfsuz!jo!mjfv!pg!ps!bt!b!qbsu!pg!bo!fnjofou!epnbjo!qspdffejoh!)b!Ubljoh*-!uif!qpsujpo!pg!uif!
Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!uibu!xbt!ublfo!ps!usbotgfssfe!)uif!Ublfo!Qspqfsuz*!tibmm!cf!sfdmbttjgjfe!bt!
Opo.Cfofgjuufe!Qspqfsuz/!!
Gps!uif!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!uibu!jt!tvckfdu!up!uif!Ubljoh!bt!eftdsjcfe!jo!uif!qsfdfejoh!qbsbhsbqi-!
uif!Bttfttnfou!uibu!xbt!mfwjfe!bhbjotu!uif!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!)xifo!ju!xbt!jodmvefe!jo!uif!Ublfo!
Qspqfsuz*!qsjps!up!uif!Ubljoh!tibmm!sfnbjo!jo!gpsdf!bhbjotu!uif!sfnbjojoh!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!)uif!
Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!mftt!uif!Ublfo!Qspqfsuz*!)uif!Sfnbjojoh!Qspqfsuz*-!gpmmpxjoh!uif!
sfdmbttjgjdbujpo!pg!uif!Ublfo!Qspqfsuz!bt!Opo.Cfofgjuufe!Qspqfsuz-!tvckfdu!up!bo!bekvtunfou!pg!
uif!Bttfttnfou!bqqmjdbcmf!up!uif!Sfnbjojoh!Qspqfsuz!bgufs!boz!sfrvjsfe!Qsfqbznfou!bt!tfu!gpsui!
cfmpx/!Uif!pxofs!pg!uif!Sfnbjojoh!Qspqfsuz!xjmm!sfnbjo!mjbcmf!up!qbz-!qvstvbou!up!uif!ufsnt!pg!!
uijt!Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo-!bt!vqebufe-!boe!uif!QJE!Bdu-!uif!
Bttfttnfou!uibu!sfnbjot!evf!po!uif!Sfnbjojoh!Qspqfsuz-!tvckfdu!up!bo!bekvtunfou!jo!uif!
Bttfttnfou!bqqmjdbcmf!up!uif!Sfnbjojoh!Qspqfsuz!bgufs!boz!sfrvjsfe!Qsfqbznfou!bt!tfu!gpsui!
cfmpx/!Opuxjuituboejoh!uif!gpsfhpjoh-!jg!uif!Bttfttnfou!uibu!sfnbjot!evf!po!uif!Sfnbjojoh!
Qspqfsuz!fydffet!uif!bqqmjdbcmf!Nbyjnvn!Bttfttnfou-!uif!pxofs!pg!uif!Sfnbjojoh!Qspqfsuz!
xjmm!cf!sfrvjsfe!up!nblf!b!Qsfqbznfou!jo!bo!bnpvou!ofdfttbsz!up!fotvsf!uibu!uif!Bttfttnfou!
bhbjotu!uif!Sfnbjojoh!Qspqfsuz!epft!opu!fydffe!tvdi!Nbyjnvn!Bttfttnfou-!jo!xijdi!dbtf!uif!
Bttfttnfou!bqqmjdbcmf!up!uif!Sfnbjojoh!Qspqfsuz!xjmm!cf!sfevdfe!cz!uif!bnpvou!pg!uif!qbsujbm!
Qsfqbznfou/!Jg!uif!Djuz!sfdfjwft!bmm!ps!b!qpsujpo!pg!uif!fnjofou!epnbjo!qspdffet!)ps!qbznfou!
nbef!jo!bo!bhsffe!tbmf!jo!mjfv!pg!dpoefnobujpo*-!tvdi!bnpvou!tibmm!cf!dsfejufe!bhbjotu!uif!
bnpvou!pg!Qsfqbznfou-!xjui!boz!sfnbjoefs!dsfejufe!bhbjotu!uif!Bttfttnfou!po!uif!Sfnbjojoh!
Qspqfsuz/!
Jo!bmm!jotubodft!uif!Bttfttnfou!sfnbjojoh!po!uif!Sfnbjojoh!Qspqfsuz!tibmm!opu!fydffe!uif!
bqqmjdbcmf!Nbyjnvn!Bttfttnfou/!!!
Cz!xbz!pg!jmmvtusbujpo-!jg!bo!pxofs!pxot!211!bdsft!pg!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!tvckfdu!up!b!%211!
Bttfttnfou!boe!21!bdsft!jt!ublfo!uispvhi!b!Ubljoh-!uif!21!bdsft!pg!Ublfo!Qspqfsuz!tibmm!cf!
sfdmbttjgjfe!bt!Opo.Cfofgjuufe!Qspqfsuz!boe!uif!sfnbjojoh!:1!bdsft!dpotujuvujoh!uif!Sfnbjojoh!
Qspqfsuz!tibmm!cf!tvckfdu!up!uif!%211!Bttfttnfou!)qspwjefe!uibu!uijt!%211!Bttfttnfou!epft!opu!
GPSFTUCSPPLQVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
32!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
fydffe!uif!Nbyjnvn!Bttfttnfou!po!uif!Sfnbjojoh!Qspqfsuz*/!Jg!uif!Benjojtusbups!efufsnjoft!
uibu!uif!%211!Bttfttnfou!sfbmmpdbufe!up!uif!Sfnbjojoh!Qspqfsuz!xpvme!fydffe!uif!Nbyjnvn!
Bttfttnfou-!bt!bqqmjdbcmf-!po!uif!Sfnbjojoh!Qspqfsuz!cz!%21-!uifo!uif!pxofs!tibmm!cf!sfrvjsfe!
up!qbz!%21!bt!b!Qsfqbznfou!pg!uif!Bttfttnfou!bhbjotu!uif!Sfnbjojoh!Qspqfsuz!boe!uif!
Bttfttnfou!po!uif!Sfnbjojoh!Qspqfsuz!tibmm!cf!bekvtufe!up!%:1/!!
Opuxjuituboejoh!uif!qsfwjpvt!qbsbhsbqit!jo!uijt!tvctfdujpo-!jg!uif!pxofs!pg!uif!Sfnbjojoh!
Qspqfsuz!opujgjft!uif!Djuz!boe!uif!Benjojtusbups!uibu!uif!Ubljoh!qsfwfout!uif!Sfnbjojoh!Qspqfsuz!
gspn!cfjoh!efwfmpqfe!gps!boz!vtf!xijdi!dpvme!tvqqpsu!uif!Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!Wbmvf!
sfrvjsfnfou-!uif!pxofs!tibmm-!vqpo!sfdfjqu!pg!uif!dpnqfotbujpo!gps!uif!Ublfo!Qspqfsuz-!cf!
sfrvjsfe!up!qsfqbz!uif!bnpvou!pg!uif!Bttfttnfou!sfrvjsfe!up!cvz!epxo!uif!pvutuboejoh!
Bttfttnfou!up!uif!bqqmjdbcmf!Nbyjnvn!Bttfttnfou!po!uif!Sfnbjojoh!Qspqfsuz!up!tvqqpsu!uif!
Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!Wbmvf!sfrvjsfnfou/!Uif!pxofs!xjmm!sfnbjo!mjbcmf!up!qbz!uif!Bttfttnfou!po!
cpui!uif!Ublfo!Qspqfsuz!boe!uif!Sfnbjojoh!Qspqfsuz!voujm!tvdi!ujnf!uibu!tvdi!Bttfttnfou!ibt!
cffo!qsfqbje!jo!gvmm/!
Opuxjuituboejoh!uif!qsfwjpvt!qbsbhsbqit!jo!uijt!tvctfdujpo-!uif!Bttfttnfout!tibmm!ofwfs!cf!
sfevdfe!up!bo!bnpvou!mftt!uibo!uif!bnpvou!sfrvjsfe!up!qbz!bmm!pvutuboejoh!efcu!tfswjdf!
sfrvjsfnfout!po!bmm!pvutuboejoh!QJE!Cpoet/!!
TFDUJPO!WJJ;!BTTFTTNFOU!SPMM!
Uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou!Spmm!jt!buubdife!bt!Fyijcju!G.2/!Uif!Benjojtusbups!tibmm!
qsfqbsf!boe!tvcnju!up!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!gps!sfwjfx!boe!bqqspwbm!qspqptfe!sfwjtjpot!up!uif!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou!Spmm!boe!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout!gps!fbdi!
Qbsdfm!bt!qbsu!pg!fbdi!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuf/!
TFDUJPO!WJJJ;!BEEJUJPOBM!QSPWJTJPOT!
B/Dbmdvmbujpo!Fsspst!
Jg!uif!pxofs!pg!b!Qbsdfm!dmbjnt!uibu!bo!fssps!ibt!cffo!nbef!jo!boz!dbmdvmbujpo!sfrvjsfe!cz!uijt
Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo-!jodmvejoh-!cvu!opu!mjnjufe!up-!boz!
dbmdvmbujpo!nbef!bt!qbsu!pg!boz!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuf-!uif!pxofst!tpmf!boe!fydmvtjwf!
tu
sfnfez!tibmm!cf!up!tvcnju!b!xsjuufo!opujdf!pg!fssps!up!uif!Benjojtusbups!cz!Efdfncfs!2!pg!fbdi!
zfbs!gpmmpxjoh!Djuz!Dpvodjmt!bqqspwbm!pg!uif!dbmdvmbujpo/!Puifsxjtf-!uif!pxofs!tibmm!cf!effnfe!
up!ibwf!vodpoejujpobmmz!bqqspwfe!boe!bddfqufe!uif!dbmdvmbujpo/!!Uif!Benjojtusbups!tibmm!qspwjef!
b!xsjuufo!sftqpotf!up!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!boe!uif!pxofs!opu!mbufs!uibo!41!ebzt!bgufs!sfdfjqu!pg!tvdi!
xsjuufo!opujdf!pg!fssps!cz!uif!Benjojtusbups/Uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!tibmm!dpotjefs!uif!pxofst!opujdf!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
33!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
pg!fssps!boe!uif!Benjojtusbupst!sftqpotf!bu!b!qvcmjd!nffujoh-!boe-!opu!mbufs!uibo!41!ebzt!bgufs!
dmptjoh!tvdi!nffujoh-!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!tibmm!nblf!b!gjobm!efufsnjobujpo!bt!up!xifuifs!bo!fssps!
ibt!cffo!nbef/!!Jg!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!efufsnjoft!uibu!bo!fssps!ibt!cffo!nbef-!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!tibmm!
ublf!tvdi!dpssfdujwf!bdujpo!bt!jt!bvuipsj{fe!cz!uif!QJE!Bdu-!uijt!Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!
boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo-!uif!bqqmjdbcmf!Bttfttnfou!Psejobodf-!uif!bqqmjdbcmf!Joefouvsf-!ps!bt!
puifsxjtf!bvuipsj{fe!cz!uif!ejtdsfujpobsz!qpxfs!pg!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm/!!Uif!efufsnjobujpo!cz!uif!
Djuz!Dpvodjm!bt!up!xifuifs!bo!fssps!ibt!cffo!nbef-!boe!boz!dpssfdujwf!bdujpo!ublfo!cz!uif!Djuz!
Dpvodjm-!tibmm!cf!gjobm!boe!cjoejoh!po!uif!pxofs!boe!uif!Benjojtusbups/!
C/Bnfoenfout!
Bnfoenfout!up!uijt!Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!nvtu!cf!nbef!cz!uif!
Djuz!Dpvodjm!jo!bddpsebodf!xjui!uif!QJE!Bdu/!Up!uif!fyufou!qfsnjuufe!cz!uif!QJE!Bdu-!uijt!Bnfoefe!
boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!nbz!cf!bnfoefe!xjuipvu!opujdf!up!pxofst!pg!uif!
Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz;!)2*!up!dpssfdu!njtublft!boe!dmfsjdbm!fsspst<!)3*!up!dmbsjgz!bncjhvjujft<!boe!)4*!up!
qspwjef!qspdfevsft!up!dpmmfdu!Bttfttnfout-!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout-!boe!puifs!dibshft!jnqptfe!cz!
uijt!Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo/!
D/Benjojtusbujpo!boe!Joufsqsfubujpo!
Uif!Benjojtusbups!tibmm;!)2*!qfsgpsn!uif!pcmjhbujpot!pg!uif!Benjojtusbups!bt!tfu!gpsui!jo!uijt!
Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo<!)3*!benjojtufs!uif!Ejtusjdu!gps!boe!po!cfibmg!
pg!boe!bu!uif!ejsfdujpo!pg!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm<!boe!)4*!joufsqsfu!uif!qspwjtjpot!pg!uijt!Bnfoefe!boe!
Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo/!!Joufsqsfubujpot!pg!uijt!Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!
boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!cz!uif!Benjojtusbups!tibmm!cf!jo!xsjujoh!boe!tibmm!cf!bqqfbmbcmf!up!uif!Djuz!
Dpvodjm!cz!pxofst!pg!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!bewfstfmz!bggfdufe!cz!uif!joufsqsfubujpo/!!Bqqfbmt!tibmm!
cf!efdjefe!cz!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!bgufs!ipmejoh!b!qvcmjd!nffujoh!bu!xijdi!bmm!joufsftufe!qbsujft!ibwf!
bo!pqqpsuvojuz!up!cf!ifbse/!!Efdjtjpot!cz!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm!tibmm!cf!gjobm!boe!cjoejoh!po!uif!pxofst!
pg!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!boe!efwfmpqfst!boe!uifjs!tvddfttpst!boe!bttjhot/!
E/Gpsn!pg!Cvzfs!Ejtdmptvsf0Gjmjoh!Sfrvjsfnfout!
Qfs!Tfdujpo!6/125!pg!uif!Ufybt!Qspqfsuz!Dpef-!bt!bnfoefe-!uijt!Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!
boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo-!boe!boz!gvuvsf!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuft-!tibmm!jodmvef!b!gpsn!pg!uif!
cvzfs!ejtdmptvsft!gps!uif!Mpu!uzqft!xjui!uif!Ejtusjdu/!Uif!cvzfs!ejtdmptvsft!bsf!buubdife!ifsfup!
bt!Bqqfoejy!C/!Uif!Djuz!ibt!qsfwjpvtmz!gjmfe!boe!sfdpsefe!uif!3136!Bttfttnfou!Psejobodf!boe!
uif!Psjhjobm!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!jo!uif!sfbm!qspqfsuz!sfdpset!pg!uif!Dpvouz/!Xjuijo!tfwfo!
ebzt!pg!jut!bqqspwbm!cz!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm-!uif!Djuz!tibmm!gjmf!boe!sfdpse!uijt!Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!
Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!jo!uif!sfbm!qspqfsuz!sfdpset!pg!uif!Dpvouz/!Jo!beejujpo-!uif!Djuz!tibmm!
tjnjmbsmz!gjmf!fbdi!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuf!bqqspwfe!cz!uif!Djuz!Dpvodjm-!xjui!fbdi!tvdi!gjmjoh!
GPSFTUCSPPLQVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
34!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
up!pddvs!xjuijo!tfwfo!ebzt!pg!uif!ebuf!fbdi!sftqfdujwf!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuf!jt!bqqspwfe/!
Bmm!tvdi!epdvnfout!tibmm!cf!gjmfe!boe!sfdpsefe!jo!uifjs!foujsfuz/!
F/Tfwfsbcjmjuz!
Jg!boz!qspwjtjpo!pg!uijt!Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!jt!efufsnjofe!cz!b!
hpwfsonfoubm!bhfodz!ps!dpvsu!up!cf!vofogpsdfbcmf-!uif!vofogpsdfbcmf!qspwjtjpo!tibmm!cf!efmfufe!
boe-!up!uif!nbyjnvn!fyufou!qpttjcmf-!tibmm!cf!sfxsjuufo!up!cf!fogpsdfbcmf/!!Fwfsz!fggpsu!tibmm!cf!
nbef!up!fogpsdf!uif!sfnbjojoh!qspwjtjpot/
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
35!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
FYIJCJUT!!!
Uif!gpmmpxjoh!Fyijcjut!bsf!buubdife!up!boe!nbef!b!qbsu!pg!uijt!Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!
boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!gps!bmm!qvsqptft;!
Fyijcju!B.2!Nbq!pg!uif!Ejtusjdu!
Fyijcju!B.3!!Nbq!pg!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!boe!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!
Fyijcju!C.2!Qspkfdu!Dptut!
Fyijcju!C.3!Bqqpsujponfou!pg!Dptut!
Fyijcju!D!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!
Fyijcju!E!Tpvsdft!boe!Vtft!pg!Gvoet!
Fyijcju!F!Nbyjnvn!Bttfttnfou!!
Fyijcju!G.2!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Bttfttnfou!Spmm!
Fyijcju!G.3!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout!
Fyijcju!H.2!Nbqt!pg!Nbkps!Jnqspwfnfout!
Fyijcju!H.3!Nbqt!pg!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Jnqspwfnfout!!
Fyijcju!I!Gpsn!pg!Opujdf!pg!Bttfttnfou!Ufsnjobujpo!!
Fyijcju!J!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Cpoet!Efcu!Tfswjdf!Tdifevmf!
Fyijcju!K.2!Ejtusjdu!Mfhbm!Eftdsjqujpo!
Fyijcju!K.3!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Mfhbm!Eftdsjqujpo!
Fyijcju!K.4!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!Mfhbm!Eftdsjqujpo!
!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
36!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
BQQFOEJDFT!
Uif!gpmmpxjoh!Bqqfoejdft!bsf!buubdife!up!boe!nbef!b!qbsu!pg!uijt!Bnfoefe!boe!Sftubufe!Tfswjdf!
boe!Bttfttnfou!Qmbo!gps!bmm!qvsqptft;!
!
Bqqfoejy!B!!Fohjoffst!Sfqpsu!
Bqqfoejy!C!!Cvzfs!Ejtdmptvsf!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
37!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
FYIJCJU!B.2!!NBQ!PG!UIF!EJTUSJDU!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
38!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
FYIJCJU!B.3!!NBQ!PG!JNQSPWFNFOU!BSFB!$2!BOE!SFNBJOEFS!BSFB!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
39!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
FYIJCJU!C.2!!QSPKFDU!DPTUT!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb
\\b^\\c^
Ejtusjdu!Fmjhjcmf
Upubm!DptutQsjwbuf!Dptut
&Dptu&
\\d^
Nbkps!Jnqspwfnfout
Xbufs%!!!!!!!!256-349%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!256-3493:/:1&54-533%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!81/21&212-928%!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Tbojubsz!Tfxfs!!!!!!!!!!!!87-935!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.!!!!!!!!!!!!!87-9353:/:1&33-:79!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!81/21&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Qpdlfu!Qbsl!!!!!!!!!!726-111!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.!!!!!!!!!!!726-1113:/:1&294-977!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!81/21&542-245!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
\\e^
Tpgu!Dptut!!!!!!!!!!!!37-759!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.!!!!!!!!!!!!!37-7593:/:1&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!8-:78!81/21&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
%!!!!!!!!974-821%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!974-821%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!369-334%!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Jnqspwfnfout
Tusffut%!!!!!2-344-72:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!2-344-72:211&2-344-72:%!!!!!!!!!!!1/11&%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Xbufs!!!!!!!!!!559-744!!!!!!!!!!!!!7:-6:1!!!!!!!!!!!48:-154211&48:-154!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1/11&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Tbojubsz!Tfxfs!!!!!!!!!!493-492!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.!!!!!!!!!!!493-492211&493-492!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1/11&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Tupsn!Esbjobhf!!!!!!!2-246-649!!!!!!!!!!!!!44-5:6!!!!!!!2-213-154211&2-213-154!!!!!!!!!!!!!1/11&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
\\f^
Tpgu!Dptut!!!!!!!!!!912-616!!!!!!!!!!!!!62-253!!!!!!!!!!!861-474211&861-474!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1/11&!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
%!!!!!5-112-786%!!!!!!!!265-338%!!!!!4-958-55:%!!!!!!!!!!4-958-55:!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
\\c^
Qsjwbuf!Jnqspwfnfout
Qsjwbuf!Jnqspwfnfout%!!!!!!!!57:-951%!!!!!!!!57:-951%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.!1/11&%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.1/11&%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
%!!!!!!!!57:-951%!!!!!!!!57:-951%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
\\g^
Cpoe!Jttvbodf!Dptut
Efcu!Tfswjdf!Sftfswf!Gvoe%!!!!!!!!226-173%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!226-173%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!226-173%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
\\h^
Voefsxsjufs!Ejtdpvou!!!!!!!!!!!!91-351!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.!!!!!!!!!!!!!91-351!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!91-351!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Dptu!pg!Jttvbodf!!!!!!!!!!277-9:5!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.!!!!!!!!!!!277-9:5!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!277-9:5!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
%!!!!!!!!473-2:8%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!473-2:8%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!473-2:8%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
\\g^
Puifs!Dptut
Efqptju!up!Benjojtusbujwf!Gvoe%!!!!!!!!!!41-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!41-111!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!41-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
%!!!!!!!!!!41-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!41-111!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!41-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Upubm%!!!!6-838-533!%!!!!!!!!735-178%!!!!!6-214-466%!!!!!!!!!!5-5:8-979%!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Gppuopuft;
\\b^!Qfs!Fohjoffs(t!Sfqpsu!qspwjefe!cz!uif!Efwfmpqfs!jo!Kvof!3136/
\\c^!Opu!fmjhjcmf!gps!sfjncvstfnfou!up!uif!Efwfmpqfs!gspn!Bttfttnfout!ps!QJE!Cpoet/
\\d^!Nbkps!Jnqspwfnfout!bmmpdbufe!cfuxffo!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!boe!uif!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!qsp!sbub!cbtfe!po!Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!Wbmvf-!bt!gvsuifs!tipxo!po!Fyijcju!C.3
\\e^!Nbkps!Jnqspwfnfout!tpgu!dptut!jodmvef!dpoujohfodz!boe!nbjoufobodf!cpoet/
\\f^!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!tpgu!dptut!jodmvef!dpotusvdujpo!nbobhfnfou!gfft-!fohjoffsjoh-!mboetdbqjoh-!njtdfmmbofpvt!jufnt-!dpoujohfodz-!boe!nbjoufobodf!cpoet/
\\g^!Cpoe!Jttvbodf!Dptut!boe!puifs!dptut!ibwf!cffo!vqebufe!up!sfgmfdu!uif!bduvbm!dptu/
\\h^!Jodmveft!gff!up!dpvotfm!up!uif!Voefsxsjufs/
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
3:!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
FYIJCJU!C.3!!BQQPSUJPONFOU!PG!DPTUT!
\\c^
Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!Upubm!Bqqpsujponfou!
Nbkps!Jnqspwfnfout
\\b^
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb
Vojut
\\b^
Wbmvfpg!Dptut
&Dptut
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$29838-516-111/11%!!!!!!!3:/:1&%!!!!!!!!!!369-333/74
Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb31575-371-111/11%!!!!!!!81/21&%!!!!!!!!!!716-598/65%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!716-598/65!
Upubm3:2:2-776-111/11%!!!!!!!%!!!!!!!!!974-821/28!
Gppuopuft;
\\b^!Bt!qspwjefe!cz!uif!Efwfmpqfs!po!Pdupcfs!25-!3135/
\\c^!Uif!dptut!pg!uif!Nbkps!Jnqspwfnfout!bsf!bmmpdbufe!up!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!boe!bqqpsujpofe!up!uif!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!cbtfe!
po!uif!qspqpsujpobuf!tibsf!pg!uif!Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!Wbmvf!pg!fbdi!Bttfttfe!Qspqfsuz!boe!Bqqpsujpofe!Qspqfsuz!sfmbujwf!up!uif!
upubm!Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!Wbmvf!pg!uif!Ejtusjdu/
\\d^!Sfjncvstbcmf!jo!qbsu!ps!jo!gvmm!gspn!boujdjqbufe!gvuvsf!Bttfttnfout!mfwjfe!po!uif!Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb/
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
41!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
FYIJCJU!D!!TFSWJDF!QMBO!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Cpoet
Boovbm!Jotubmmnfou!Evf20420313720420313820420313920420313:204203141
Qsjodjqbm%!!!!57-111/11%!!!!35-111/11%!!!!36-111/11%!!!!47-111/11
Joufsftu!!!!!!!:7-987/51!!!!231-528/61!!!!229-:58/61!!!!228-527/37
)2*%!!253-987/51%!!255-528/61%!!254-:58/61%!!264-527/37
Beejujpobm!Joufsftu)3*%!!!!21-171/11%!!!!!!!:-941/11%!!!!!!!:-821/11%!!!!!!!:-696/11
Boovbm!Dpmmfdujpo!Dptut)4*%!!!!51-111/11%!!!!51-911/11%!!!!52-727/11%!!!!53-559/43
Upubm!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfou!Evf)5*!>!)2*!,!)3*!,!)4*%!!2:3-:47/51%!!2:6-158/61%!!2:6-384/61%!!316-55:/69
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
42!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
FYIJCJU!E!!TPVSDFT!BOE!VTFT!PG!GVOET!
Qsjwbufmz!GvoefeJnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb
Tpvsdft!pg!Gvoet
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Cpoet%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-123-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.
\\b^
Efwfmpqfs!Dpousjcvujpo!.!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-596-979!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.
\\c^
Sfnbjoefs!Bsfb!Bqqpsujponfou!pg!Dptut!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!716-599
\\b^
Efwfmpqfs!Dpousjcvujpo!.!Qsjwbuf!Jnqspwfnfout
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!735-178!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.
Upubm!Tpvsdft!pg!Gvoet%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!735-178%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!5-5:8-979%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!716-599
Vtft!pg!Gvoet
Nbkps!Jnqspwfnfout%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!369-334%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!716-599
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Jnqspwfnfout!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!265-338!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!4-958-55:!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.
\\b^
Qsjwbuf!Jnqspwfnfout
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!57:-951!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.
%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!735-178%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!5-216-782%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!716-599
\\d^
Cpoe!Jttvbodf!Dptut
Efcu!Tfswjdf!Sftfswf!Gvoe%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!226-173%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.
\\e^
Voefsxsjufs!Ejtdpvou!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!91-351!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.
Dptu!pg!Jttvbodf!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!277-9:5!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.
%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!473-2:8%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.
\\d^
Puifs!Dptut
Efqptju!up!Benjojtusbujwf!Gvoe%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!41-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.
%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!41-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.
Upubm!Vtft!pg!Gvoet%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!735-178%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!5-5:8-979%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!716-599
Gppuopuft;
\\b^!Opu!sfjncvstbcmf!up!uif!Efwfmpqfs!uispvhi!Bttfttnfout!ps!QJE!Cpoet/
\\c^!Bqqpsujponfou!pg!Dptut!fyqfdufe!up!cf!mfwjfe!jo!qbsu!ps!jo!gvmm!bu!b!mbufs!ebuf/
\\d^!Cpoe!Jttvbodf!Dptut!boe!puifs!dptut!ibwf!cffo!vqebufe!up!sfgmfdu!uif!bduvbm!dptu/
\\e^!Jodmveft!gff!up!dpvotfm!up!uif!Voefsxsjufs/
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
43!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
FYIJCJU!F!!NBYJNVN!BTTFTTNFOU!
\\b^
BttfttnfouBwfsbhf!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfou
Ftujnbufe!Cvjmepvu!Wbmvf
\\b^
Mpu!Uzqf
Vojut
Qfs!VojuUpubmQfs!VojuUpubmQfs!Voju
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2
Mpu!Uzqf!298426-111%!!!!!!!!!!%!!!!!!!!38-516-111%!!!!34-237/55%!!!!3-123-111%!!!!!3-463/:9%!!!!!
Upubm98%!!!!!!!38-516-111!%!!!!3-123-111%!!!!!
Gppuopuft;
\\b^!Qfs!ebub!qspwjefe!cz!uif!Efwfmpqfs!po!Pdupcfs!25-!3135/!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
44!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
FYIJCJU!G.2!JNQSPWFNFOU!BSFB!$2!BTTFTTNFOU!SPMM!
Boovbm!Jotubmmnfou!Evf!
\\b^\\c^
Pvutuboejoh!Bttfttnfou
Qspqfsuz!JEMpu!Uzqf
204203137
3387:Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Jojujbm!Qbsdfm%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-123-111/11%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2:3-:47/51
Upubm%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-123-111/11!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2:3-:47/51
Gppuopuft;
\\b^!Uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Jojujbm!Qbsdfm!jt!dpoubjofe!foujsfmz!xjuijo!Qspqfsuz!JE!3387:-!boe!jt!tvckfdu!up!dibohf!cbtfe!po!
gjobm!dfsujgjfe!spmmt!qspwjefe!cz!uif!Dpvouz!qsjps!up!cjmmjoh/!
\\c^!Gvuvsf!bmmpdbujpo!pg!uif!Bttfttnfout!xjmm!cf!epof!jo!bddpsebodf!xjui!Tfdujpo!WJ!pg!uijt!3136!B'S!Tfswjdf!boe!Bttfttnfou!
Mfhbm!Eftdsjqujpo
Pvutuboejoh!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfou!
\\b^
CmpdlMpuMpu!Uzqf!
Qspqfsuz!JE
Bttfttnfou!evf!204203137
UCEB2Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEB3Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEB4Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEB5Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEB6Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEB7Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEB8Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEB9Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEB:Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEB21Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEB22Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEB23Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEB24Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEB25Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEB26Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCED2Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCED3Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCED4Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCED5Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCED6Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCED7Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCED8Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCED9Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCED:Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCED21Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
45!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
Mfhbm!Eftdsjqujpo
Pvutuboejoh!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfou!
\\b^
CmpdlMpuMpu!Uzqf!
Qspqfsuz!JE
Bttfttnfou!evf!204203137
UCED22Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCED23Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCED24Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCED25Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE2Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE3Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE4Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE5Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE6Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE7Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE8Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE9Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE:Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE21Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE22Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE23Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE24Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE25Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE26Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE27Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE28Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE29Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE2:Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE31Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE32Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE33Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE34Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE35Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE36Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE37Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE38Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEE39Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEF2Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEF3Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEF4Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEF5Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEF6Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEF7Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEF8Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEF9Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
46!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
Mfhbm!Eftdsjqujpo
Pvutuboejoh!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfou!
\\b^
CmpdlMpuMpu!Uzqf!
Qspqfsuz!JE
Bttfttnfou!evf!204203137
UCEF:Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEF21Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEG2Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEG3Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEG4Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEG5Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEG6Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEG7Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEG8Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEG9Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEG:Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEG21Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEH2Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEH3Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEH4Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEH5Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEH6Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEH7Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEH8Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEH9Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEH:Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
UCEH21Mpu!Uzqf!2%!!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
\\c^
Upubm%!!!!!3-123-111/11%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2:3-:47/51
Gppuopuft;
\\b^!Qfs!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Gjobm!Qmbu-!buubdife!ifsfup!bt!Fyijcju!L/!Uif!Qspqfsuz!JEt!ibwf!
opu!zfu!cffo!bttjhofe!cz!uif!Mbnbs!Dpvouz!Bqqsbjtbm!Ejtusjdu/
\\c^!Upubmt!nbz!opu!nbudi!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!ps!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfou!tdifevmf!evf!up!spvoejoh/
!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
47!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
FYIJCJU!G.3!JNQSPWFNFOU!BSFB!$2!BOOVBM!JOTUBMMNFOUT!
Upubm!Boovbm!
Jotubmmnfou!Evf!Beejujpobm!Boovbm!
\\b^\\d^
Jotubmmnfou!
Qsjodjqbm
JoufsftuSftfswf!Gvoe
2042JoufsftuDpmmfdujpo!Dptut
\\c^
Evf
3137%!!!!!!!!!!!!!57-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!:7-987%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!21-171%!!!!!!!!!!!!!51-111%!!!!!!!!!!!2:3-:47
3138%!!!!!!!!!!!!!35-111%!!!!!!!!!!!231-529%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:-941%!!!!!!!!!!!!!51-911%!!!!!!!!!!!2:6-159
3139%!!!!!!!!!!!!!36-111%!!!!!!!!!!!229-:59%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:-821%!!!!!!!!!!!!!52-727%!!!!!!!!!!!2:6-385
313:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!47-111%!!!!!!!!!!!228-527%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:-696%!!!!!!!!!!!!!53-559%!!!!!!!!!!!316-561
3141%!!!!!!!!!!!!!49-111%!!!!!!!!!!!226-322%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:-516%!!!!!!!!!!!!!54-3:8%!!!!!!!!!!!316-:25
3142%!!!!!!!!!!!!!51-111%!!!!!!!!!!!223-995%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:-326%!!!!!!!!!!!!!55-274%!!!!!!!!!!!317-373
3143%!!!!!!!!!!!!!52-111%!!!!!!!!!!!221-545%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:-126%!!!!!!!!!!!!!56-157%!!!!!!!!!!!316-5:6
3144%!!!!!!!!!!!!!54-111%!!!!!!!!!!!218-:34%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!9-921%!!!!!!!!!!!!!56-:58%!!!!!!!!!!!316-791
3145%!!!!!!!!!!!!!56-111%!!!!!!!!!!!216-39:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!9-6:6%!!!!!!!!!!!!!57-977%!!!!!!!!!!!316-861
3146%!!!!!!!!!!!!!58-111%!!!!!!!!!!!213-644%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!9-481%!!!!!!!!!!!!!58-915%!!!!!!!!!!!316-817
3147%!!!!!!!!!!!!!5:-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!::-765%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!9-246%!!!!!!!!!!!!!59-871%!!!!!!!!!!!316-65:
3148%!!!!!!!!!!!!!63-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!:7-764%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!8-9:1%!!!!!!!!!!!!!5:-846%!!!!!!!!!!!317-388
3149%!!!!!!!!!!!!!65-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!:4-579%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!8-741%!!!!!!!!!!!!!61-841%!!!!!!!!!!!316-938
314:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!68-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!:1-271%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!8-471%!!!!!!!!!!!!!62-855%!!!!!!!!!!!317-375
3151%!!!!!!!!!!!!!6:-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!97-77:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!8-186%!!!!!!!!!!!!!63-88:%!!!!!!!!!!!316-634
3152%!!!!!!!!!!!!!73-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!94-166%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!7-891%!!!!!!!!!!!!!64-946%!!!!!!!!!!!316-781
3153%!!!!!!!!!!!!!76-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!8:-369%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!7-581%!!!!!!!!!!!!!65-:22%!!!!!!!!!!!316-74:
3154%!!!!!!!!!!!!!7:-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!86-387%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!7-256%!!!!!!!!!!!!!67-121%!!!!!!!!!!!317-542
3155%!!!!!!!!!!!!!83-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!82-161%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!6-911%!!!!!!!!!!!!!68-241%!!!!!!!!!!!316-:91
3156%!!!!!!!!!!!!!87-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!77-751%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!6-551%!!!!!!!!!!!!!69-383%!!!!!!!!!!!317-463
3157%!!!!!!!!!!!!!91-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!72-:96%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!6-171%!!!!!!!!!!!!!6:-549%!!!!!!!!!!!317-594
3158%!!!!!!!!!!!!!95-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!68-196%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!5-771%!!!!!!!!!!!!!71-738%!!!!!!!!!!!317-483
3159%!!!!!!!!!!!!!99-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!62-:51%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!5-351%!!!!!!!!!!!!!72-94:%!!!!!!!!!!!317-12:
315:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!:3-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!57-661%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!4-911%!!!!!!!!!!!!!74-187%!!!!!!!!!!!316-537
3161%!!!!!!!!!!!!!:8-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!51-:26%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!4-451%!!!!!!!!!!!!!75-448%!!!!!!!!!!!316-6:3
3162%!!!!!!!!!!!213-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!45-:85%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-966%!!!!!!!!!!!!!76-735%!!!!!!!!!!!316-564
3163%!!!!!!!!!!!219-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!39-837%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-456%!!!!!!!!!!!!!77-:48%!!!!!!!!!!!317-119
3164%!!!!!!!!!!!225-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!33-222%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2-916%!!!!!!!!!!!!!79-386%!!!!!!!!!!!317-2:3
3165%!!!!!!!!!!!231-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!26-23:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!.%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2-346%!!!!!!!!!!!!!7:-752%!!!!!!!!!!!317-116
3166%!!!!!!!!!!!238-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!8-88:%!!!!!!!!!!)226-173*%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!746%!!!!!!!!!!!!!82-145%!!!!!!!!!!!!!:2-496
Upubm%!!!!!!!3-123-111%!!!!!!!3-428-116%!!!!!!!!!)226-173*%!!!!!!!!!!!2:2-3:6%!!!!!!!2-733-834%!!!!!!!7-138-:72
Gppuopuft;
\\b^!Joufsftu!po!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Cpoet!jt!7/236&/
\\c^!Uif!gjhvsft!tipxo!bcpwf!bsf!ftujnbuft!pomz!boe!tvckfdu!up!dibohf!jo!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuft/!Dibohft!jo!Boovbm!
Dpmmfdujpo!Dptut-!sftfswf!gvoe!sfrvjsfnfout-!joufsftu!fbsojoht-!ps!puifs!bwbjmbcmf!pggtfut!dpvme!jodsfbtf!ps!efdsfbtf!uif!
bnpvout!tipxo/
\\d^!Bttvnft!Sftfswf!Gvoe!jt!gvmmz!gvoefe!boe!bwbjmbcmf!up!sfevdf!uif!Boovbm!Jotubmmnfout!jo!uif!gjobm!zfbs/
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
48!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
FYIJCJU!H.2!!NBQT!PG!NBKPS!JNQSPWFNFOUT!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
49!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
4:!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
FYIJCJU!H.3!!NBQT!PG!JNQSPWFNFOU!BSFB!$2!JNQSPWFNFOUT!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
51!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
52!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
53!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
54!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
FYIJCJU!I!!GPSN!PG!OPUJDF!PG!BTTFTTNFOU!UFSNJOBUJPO!
P3Works, LLC
9284 Huntington Square, Suite 100
North Richland Hills, TX 76182
______________________________________________________________________________
\[Date\]
Lamar County Clerk’s Office
Honorable \[County Clerk\]
Lamar County Courthouse
119 N Main Street
Paris, TX 75460
Re:City of Paris Lien Release documents for filing
Dear Ms./Mr. \[County Clerk\]
Enclosed is a lien release that the City of Paris is requesting to be filed in your office. Lien
release for \[insert legal description\]. Recording Numbers: \[Plat\]. Please forward copies of the
filed documents to my attention:
City of Paris
Attn: City Clerk
st
150 SE 1Street
Paris, TX 75460
Please contact me if you have any questions or need additional information.
Sincerely,
\[Signature\]
P3Works, LLC
(817) 393-0353
Admin@P3-Works.com
www.P3-Works.com
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
55!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
AFTER RECORDING RETURN TO:
\[City Secretary Name\]
\[City Secretary Address\]
NOTICE OF CONFIDENTIALITY RIGHTS: IF YOU ARE A NATURAL PERSON, YOU
MAY REMOVE OR STRIKE ANY OR ALL OF THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION
FROM ANY INSTRUMENT THAT TRANSFERS AN INTEREST IN REAL PROPERTY
BEFORE IT IS FILED FOR RECORD IN THE PUBLIC RECORDS: YOUR SOCIAL
SECURITY NUMBER OR YOUR DRIVER'S LICENSE NUMBER.
FULL RELEASE OF PUBLIC IMPROVEMENT DISTRICT LIEN
STATE OF TEXAS §
§ KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS:
COUNTY OF LAMAR §
THIS FULL RELEASE OF PUBLIC IMPROVEMENT DISTRICT LIEN (this "Full
Release") is executed and delivered as of the Effective Date by the City of Paris, Texas, a Texas
home rule municipality (the “City”).
RECITALS
WHEREAS, the governing body (hereinafter referred to as the "City Council") of the City,
Texas is authorized by Chapter 372, Texas Local Government Code, as amended (hereinafter
referred to as the "Act"), to create public improvement districts within the corporate limits of the
City; and
WHEREAS, on October 14, 2024, the City Council of the City approved Resolution No.
2024-044 creating the Forestbrook Public Improvement District No. 1 (the “District”); and
WHEREAS, the District consists of approximately 59.621 contiguous acres within the
corporate limits of the City; and
WHEREAS, on ____________, the City Council, approved Ordinance No. __________,
(hereinafter referred to as the "Assessment Ordinance") approving a service and assessment plan and
assessment roll for the real property located with the District, the Assessment Ordinance being
recorded on _____________, as Instrument No. ________ in the Official Public Records of Lamar
County, Texas; and
WHEREAS, the Assessment Ordinance imposed an assessment in the amount of \[amount\]
(hereinafter referred to as the "Lien Amount") and further imposed a lien to secure the payment of
the Lien Amount (the “Lien”) against the following property located within the District, to wit:
GPSFTUCSPPLQVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
56!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
\[legal description\], an addition to the City of \[City\], \[County\], Texas, according to
the map or plat thereof recorded as Instrument No. ________ in the Map Records of
Lamar County, Texas (the "Property");
and
WHEREAS, the Lien Amount has been paid in full.
RELEASE
NOWTHEREFORE, for and in consideration of the full payment of the Lien Amount, theCity
hereby releases and discharges, and by these presents does hereby release and discharge, the Lien to
the extent that is affects and encumbers the Property.
EXECUTED to be EFFECTIVE this the _____ day of _________, 20__.
CITY OF PARIS,TEXAS,
A Texas home rule municipality,
By: _______________________________
\[Manager Name\], City Manager
ATTEST:
_______________________________
\[Secretary Name\], City Clerk
STATE OF TEXAS §
§
COUNTY OF LAMAR §
This instrument was acknowledged before me on the ____ day of ________, 20__, by the
City Manager for the City of Paris, Texas, a Texas home rule municipality, on behalf of said
municipality.
_______________________________
Notary Public, State of Texas
GPSFTUCSPPLQVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
57!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
FYIJCJU!J!!JNQSPWFNFOU!BSFB!$2!CPOET!EFCU!TFSWJDF!TDIFEVMF!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
58!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
FYIJCJU!K.2!!EJTUSJDU!MFHBM!EFTDSJQUJPO!
!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
59!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
5:!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
!!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
61!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
FYIJCJU!K.3!!JNQSPWFNFOU!BSFB!$2!MFHBM!EFTDSJQUJPO!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
62!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
FYIJCJU!K.4!!SFNBJOEFS!BSFB!MFHBM!EFTDSJQUJPO!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
63!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
64!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
FYIJCJU!L!!JNQSPWFNFOU!BSFB!$2!GJOBM!QMBU!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
65!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
BQQFOEJY!B!!FOHJOFFST!SFQPSU!
\\Sfnbjoefs!pg!qbhf!mfgu!joufoujpobmmz!cmbol/^
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
66!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
67!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
68!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
69!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
6:!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
71!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
72!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
73!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
74!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
75!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
76!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
77!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
78!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
79!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
!
!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
7:!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
!
!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
81!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
BQQFOEJY!C!.!CVZFS!EJTDMPTVSFT!
Gpsnt!pg!uif!cvzfs!ejtdmptvsft!gps!uif!gpmmpxjoh!Mpu!Uzqft!bsf!gpvoe!jo!uijt!bqqfoejy;!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!
Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Jojujbm!Qbsdfm!
Mpu!Uzqf!2!
\\Sfnbjoefs!pg!qbhf!mfgu!joufoujpobmmz!cmbol/^!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!
82!
BNFOEFE!BOE!SFTUBUFE!TFSWJDF!BOE!BTTFTTNFOU!QMBO!
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!.!JNQSPWFNFOU!BSFB!
$2!JOJUJBM!QBSDFM!CVZFS!EJTDMPTVSF!
NOTICE OF OBLIGATIONS RELATED TO PUBLIC IMPROVEMENT DISTRICT
A person who proposes to sell or otherwise convey real property that is located in a public
improvement district established under Subchapter A, Chapter 372, Local Government Code
(except for public improvement districts described under Section 372.005), or Chapter 382,
Local Government Code, shall first give to the purchaser of the property this written notice,
signed by the seller.
For the purposes of this notice, a contract for the purchase and sale of real property having a
performance period of less than six months is considered a sale requiring the notice set forth below.
This notice requirement does not apply to a transfer:
1)under a court order or foreclosure sale;
2)by a trustee in bankruptcy;
3)to a mortgagee by a mortgagor or successor in interest or to a beneficiary
of a deed of trust by a trustor or successor in interest;
4)by a mortgagee or a beneficiary under a deed of trust who has acquired the
land at a sale conducted under a power of sale under a deed of trust or a sale
under a court-ordered foreclosure or has acquired the land by a deed in lieu of
foreclosure;
5)by a fiduciary in the course of the administration of a decedent's
estate, guardianship, conservatorship, or trust;
6)from one co-owner to another co-owner of an undivided interest in the
real property;
7)to a spouse or a person in the lineal line of consanguinity of the seller;
8)to or from a governmental entity; or
9)of only a mineral interest, leasehold interest, or security interest
The following notice shall be given to a prospective purchaser before the execution of a binding
contract of purchase and sale, either separately or as an addendum or paragraph of a purchase
contract. In the event a contract of purchase and sale is enteredinto without the seller having
provided the required notice, the purchaser, subject to certain exceptions, is entitled to terminate
the contract.
A separate copy of this notice shall be executed by the seller and the purchaser and must be
filed in the real property records of the county in which the property is located at the closing of
the purchase and sale of the property.
1
AFTER RECORDINGRETURN TO:
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
NOTICE OF OBLIGATION TO PAY IMPROVEMENT DISTRICT ASSESSMENT TO
CITY OF PARIS, TEXAS
CONCERNING THE FOLLOWING PROPERTY
__________________________________________
STREET ADDRESS
IMPROVEMENT AREA #1 INITIAL PARCEL PRINCIPAL ASSESSMENT:
$2,012,000.00
As the purchaser of the real property described above, you are obligated to pay
assessments to City of Paris, Texas, for the costs of a portion of a public improvement or services
project (the "Authorized Improvements") undertaken for the benefit of the property withinthe
Forestbrook Public Improvement District No. 1 (the "District") created under Subchapter A,
Chapter 372, Local Government Code.
AN ASSESSMENT HAS BEEN LEVIED AGAINST YOUR PROPERTY FOR THE
AUTHORIZED IMPROVEMENTS, WHICH MAY BE PAID IN FULL AT ANY TIME. IF
THE ASSESSMENT IS NOT PAID IN FULL, IT WILL BE DUE AND PAYABLE IN
ANNUAL INSTALLMENTS THAT WILL VARY FROM YEAR TO YEAR DEPENDING
ON THE AMOUNT OF INTEREST PAID, COLLECTION COSTS, ADMINISTRATIVE
COSTS, AND DELINQUENCY COSTS.
The exact amount of the assessment may be obtained fromtheCity ofParis.The exact
amount of each annual installment will be approved each year by the City of ParisCity Council
in the annual service plan update for the District. More information about the assessments,
including the amounts and due dates, may be obtained from City of Paris.
Your failure to pay any assessment or any annual installment may result in penalties and
interest being added to what you owe or in a lien on and the foreclosure of your property.
_________________
1
To be included in separate copy of the notice required by Section 5.0143, Tex. Prop. Code, to be executed at the
closing of the purchase and sale and to be recorded in the deed records of Lamar County when updating for the Current
Information of Obligation to Pay Improvement District Assessment.
\[The undersigned purchaser acknowledges receipt of this notice before the effective date
of a binding contract for the purchase of the real property at the address described above.
DATE:DATE:
SIGNATURE OF PURCHASERSIGNATURE OF PURCHASER
The undersigned seller acknowledges providing this noticeto the potential purchaser
before the effective date of a binding contract for the purchase of the real property at the address
described above.
DATE:DATE:
2
SIGNATURE OF SELLERSIGNATURE OF SELLER\]
______________
2
To be included in copy of the notice required by Section 5.014, Tex. Prop. Code, to be executed by seller in accordance with
Section 5.014(a-1), Tex. Prop. Code.
Signature Page to Initial Notice
of Obligation to Pay Improvement District Assessment
\[The undersigned purchaser acknowledges receipt of this notice before the effective date
of a binding contract for the purchase of the real property at the address described above. The
undersigned purchaser acknowledged the receipt of this notice includingthe current
information required by Section 5.0143, Texas Property Code, as amended.
DATE:DATE:
SIGNATURE OF PURCHASERSIGNATURE OF PURCHASER
STATE OF TEXAS§
§
COUNTY OF LAMAR§
The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me by ____________________ and
_________________ , known to me to be the person(s) whose name(s) is/are subscribed to the
foregoing instrument, andacknowledged to me that he or she executed the same for the
purposes therein expressed.
Given under my hand and seal of office on this _________________ , 20__.
3
Notary Public, State of Texas
______________
3
To be included in separate copy of the notice required by Section 5.0143, Tex. Prop. Code, to be executed at the closing of the
purchase and sale and to be recorded in the deed records of Lamar County.
PurchaserSignature Page to Final Notice with Current Information
of Obligation to Pay Improvement District Assessment
\[The undersigned seller acknowledges providing a separate copy of the notice required by
Section 5.014 of the Texas Property Code including the current information required by Section
5.0143, Texas Property Code, as amended, at the closing of the purchase of the real property at the
address above.
DATE:DATE:
SIGNATURE OF SELLERSIGNATURE OF SELLER
STATE OF TEXAS§
§
COUNTY OF LAMAR§
The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me by ______________________ and
____________________ , known to me to be the person(s) whose name(s) is/are subscribed to the
foregoing instrument, andacknowledged to me that he or she executed the same for the purposes
therein expressed.
Given under my hand and seal of office on this _________________, 20__.
4
Notary Public, State of Texas
______________
4
To be included in separate copy of the notice required by Section 5.0143, Tex. Prop. Code, to be executed at the closing of the purchase
and sale and to be recorded in the deed records of Lamar County.
Seller Signature Page to Final Notice with Current Information
of Obligation to Pay Improvement District Assessment
BOOVBM!JOTUBMMNFOUT!.!JNQSPWFNFOU!BSFB!$2!JOJUJBM!QBSDFM!
Upubm!Boovbm!
Jotubmmnfou!Evf!Beejujpobm!Boovbm!
\\b^
Jotubmmnfou!
Qsjodjqbm
Joufsftu
2042JoufsftuDpmmfdujpo!Dptut
\\c^
Evf
3137%!!!!!!!!!!!!!57-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!:7-987%!!!!!!!!!!!!!21-171%!!!!!!!!!!!!!51-111%!!!!!!!!!!!2:3-:47
3138%!!!!!!!!!!!!!35-111%!!!!!!!!!!!231-529%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:-941%!!!!!!!!!!!!!51-911%!!!!!!!!!!!2:6-159
3139%!!!!!!!!!!!!!36-111%!!!!!!!!!!!229-:59%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:-821%!!!!!!!!!!!!!52-727%!!!!!!!!!!!2:6-385
313:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!47-111%!!!!!!!!!!!228-527%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:-696%!!!!!!!!!!!!!53-559%!!!!!!!!!!!316-561
3141%!!!!!!!!!!!!!49-111%!!!!!!!!!!!226-322%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:-516%!!!!!!!!!!!!!54-3:8%!!!!!!!!!!!316-:25
3142%!!!!!!!!!!!!!51-111%!!!!!!!!!!!223-995%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:-326%!!!!!!!!!!!!!55-274%!!!!!!!!!!!317-373
3143%!!!!!!!!!!!!!52-111%!!!!!!!!!!!221-545%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:-126%!!!!!!!!!!!!!56-157%!!!!!!!!!!!316-5:6
3144%!!!!!!!!!!!!!54-111%!!!!!!!!!!!218-:34%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!9-921%!!!!!!!!!!!!!56-:58%!!!!!!!!!!!316-791
3145%!!!!!!!!!!!!!56-111%!!!!!!!!!!!216-39:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!9-6:6%!!!!!!!!!!!!!57-977%!!!!!!!!!!!316-861
3146%!!!!!!!!!!!!!58-111%!!!!!!!!!!!213-644%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!9-481%!!!!!!!!!!!!!58-915%!!!!!!!!!!!316-817
3147%!!!!!!!!!!!!!5:-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!::-765%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!9-246%!!!!!!!!!!!!!59-871%!!!!!!!!!!!316-65:
3148%!!!!!!!!!!!!!63-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!:7-764%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!8-9:1%!!!!!!!!!!!!!5:-846%!!!!!!!!!!!317-388
3149%!!!!!!!!!!!!!65-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!:4-579%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!8-741%!!!!!!!!!!!!!61-841%!!!!!!!!!!!316-938
314:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!68-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!:1-271%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!8-471%!!!!!!!!!!!!!62-855%!!!!!!!!!!!317-375
3151%!!!!!!!!!!!!!6:-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!97-77:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!8-186%!!!!!!!!!!!!!63-88:%!!!!!!!!!!!316-634
3152%!!!!!!!!!!!!!73-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!94-166%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!7-891%!!!!!!!!!!!!!64-946%!!!!!!!!!!!316-781
3153%!!!!!!!!!!!!!76-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!8:-369%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!7-581%!!!!!!!!!!!!!65-:22%!!!!!!!!!!!316-74:
3154%!!!!!!!!!!!!!7:-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!86-387%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!7-256%!!!!!!!!!!!!!67-121%!!!!!!!!!!!317-542
3155%!!!!!!!!!!!!!83-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!82-161%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!6-911%!!!!!!!!!!!!!68-241%!!!!!!!!!!!316-:91
3156%!!!!!!!!!!!!!87-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!77-751%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!6-551%!!!!!!!!!!!!!69-383%!!!!!!!!!!!317-463
3157%!!!!!!!!!!!!!91-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!72-:96%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!6-171%!!!!!!!!!!!!!6:-549%!!!!!!!!!!!317-594
3158%!!!!!!!!!!!!!95-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!68-196%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!5-771%!!!!!!!!!!!!!71-738%!!!!!!!!!!!317-483
3159%!!!!!!!!!!!!!99-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!62-:51%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!5-351%!!!!!!!!!!!!!72-94:%!!!!!!!!!!!317-12:
315:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!:3-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!57-661%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!4-911%!!!!!!!!!!!!!74-187%!!!!!!!!!!!316-537
3161%!!!!!!!!!!!!!:8-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!51-:26%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!4-451%!!!!!!!!!!!!!75-448%!!!!!!!!!!!316-6:3
3162%!!!!!!!!!!!213-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!45-:85%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-966%!!!!!!!!!!!!!76-735%!!!!!!!!!!!316-564
3163%!!!!!!!!!!!219-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!39-837%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!3-456%!!!!!!!!!!!!!77-:48%!!!!!!!!!!!317-119
3164%!!!!!!!!!!!225-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!33-222%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2-916%!!!!!!!!!!!!!79-386%!!!!!!!!!!!317-2:3
3165%!!!!!!!!!!!231-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!26-23:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2-346%!!!!!!!!!!!!!7:-752%!!!!!!!!!!!317-116
3166%!!!!!!!!!!!238-111%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!8-88:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!746%!!!!!!!!!!!!!82-145%!!!!!!!!!!!317-559
Upubm%!!!!!!!3-123-111%!!!!!!!3-428-116%!!!!!!!!!!!2:2-3:6%!!!!!!!2-733-834%!!!!!!!7-254-134
Gppuopuft;
\\b^!Joufsftu!po!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Cpoet!jt!7/236&/
\\c^!Uif!gjhvsft!tipxo!bcpwf!bsf!ftujnbuft!pomz!boe!tvckfdu!up!dibohf!jo!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuft/!
Dibohft!jo!Boovbm!Dpmmfdujpo!Dptut-!sftfswf!gvoe!sfrvjsfnfout-!joufsftu!fbsojoht-!ps!puifs!bwbjmbcmf!
pggtfut!dpvme!jodsfbtf!ps!efdsfbtf!uif!bnpvout!tipxo/
Annual Installment Schedule to Notice
of Obligation to Pay Improvement District Assessment
GPSFTUCSPPL!QVCMJD!JNQSPWFNFOU!EJTUSJDU!OP/!2!!CVZFS!EJTDMPTVSF!.!
JNQSPWFNFOU!BSFB!$2!.!MPU!UZQF!2!
NOTICE OF OBLIGATIONS RELATED TO PUBLIC IMPROVEMENT DISTRICT
A person who proposes to sell or otherwise convey real property that is located in a public
improvement district established under Subchapter A, Chapter 372, Local Government Code
(except for public improvement districts described under Section 372.005), or Chapter 382,
Local Government Code, shall first give to the purchaser of the property this written notice,
signed by the seller.
For the purposes of this notice, a contract for the purchase and sale of real property having a
performance period of less than six months is considered a sale requiring the notice set forth below.
This notice requirement does not apply to a transfer:
1)under a court order or foreclosure sale;
2)by a trustee in bankruptcy;
3)to a mortgagee by a mortgagor or successor in interest or to a beneficiary
of a deed of trust by a trustor or successor in interest;
4)by a mortgagee or a beneficiary under a deed of trust who has acquired the
land at a sale conducted under a power of sale under a deed of trust or a sale
under a court-ordered foreclosure or has acquired the land by a deed in lieu of
foreclosure;
5)by a fiduciary in the course of the administration of a decedent's
estate, guardianship, conservatorship, or trust;
6)from one co-owner to another co-owner of an undivided interest in the
real property;
7)to a spouse or a person in the lineal line of consanguinity of the seller;
8)to or from a governmental entity; or
9)of only a mineral interest, leasehold interest, or security interest
The following notice shall be given to a prospective purchaser before the execution of a binding
contract of purchase and sale, either separately or as an addendum or paragraph of a purchase
contract. In the event a contract of purchase and sale is enteredinto without the seller having
provided the required notice, the purchaser, subject to certain exceptions, is entitled to terminate
the contract.
A separate copy of this notice shall be executed by the seller and the purchaser and must be
filed in the real property records of the county in which the property is located at the closing of
the purchase and sale of the property.
1
AFTER RECORDINGRETURN TO:
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
NOTICE OF OBLIGATION TO PAY IMPROVEMENT DISTRICT ASSESSMENT TO
CITY OFPARIS,TEXAS
CONCERNING THE FOLLOWING PROPERTY
__________________________________________
STREET ADDRESS
IMPROVEMENT AREA#1 LOT TYPE 1PRINCIPAL ASSESSMENT: $23,126.44
As the purchaser of the real property described above, you are obligated to pay
assessments to City ofParis,Texas, for the costs of a portion of a public improvement or services
project (the "Authorized Improvements") undertaken for the benefit of the property withinthe
Forestbrook Public Improvement District No. 1 (the "District") created under Subchapter A,
Chapter 372, Local Government Code.
AN ASSESSMENT HAS BEEN LEVIED AGAINST YOUR PROPERTY FOR THE
AUTHORIZED IMPROVEMENTS, WHICH MAY BE PAID IN FULL AT ANY TIME. IF
THE ASSESSMENT IS NOT PAID IN FULL, IT WILL BE DUE AND PAYABLE IN
ANNUAL INSTALLMENTS THAT WILL VARY FROM YEAR TO YEAR DEPENDING
ON THE AMOUNT OF INTEREST PAID, COLLECTION COSTS, ADMINISTRATIVE
COSTS, AND DELINQUENCY COSTS.
The exact amount of the assessment may be obtained from the City of Paris. The exact
amount of each annual installment will be approved each year by the City of Paris City Council
in the annual service plan update for the District. More information about the assessments,
including the amounts and due dates, may be obtained from theCity of Paris.
Your failure to pay any assessment or any annual installment may result in penalties and
interest being added to what you owe or in a lien on and the foreclosure of your property.
_________________
1
To be included in separate copy of the notice required by Section 5.0143, Tex. Prop. Code, to be executed at the
closing of the purchase and sale and to be recorded in the deed records of Lamar County when updating for the Current
Information of Obligation to Pay Improvement District Assessment.
\[The undersigned purchaser acknowledges receipt of this notice before the effective date
of a binding contract for the purchase of the real property at the address described above.
DATE:DATE:
SIGNATURE OF PURCHASERSIGNATURE OF PURCHASER
The undersigned seller acknowledges providing this noticeto the potential purchaser
before the effective date of a binding contract for the purchase of the real property at the address
described above.
DATE:DATE:
2
SIGNATURE OF SELLERSIGNATURE OF SELLER\]
______________
2
To be included in copy of the notice required by Section 5.014, Tex. Prop. Code, to be executed by seller in accordance with
Section 5.014(a-1), Tex. Prop. Code.
Signature Page to Initial Notice
of Obligation to Pay Improvement District Assessment
\[The undersigned purchaser acknowledges receipt of this notice before the effective date
of a binding contract for the purchase of the real property at the address described above. The
undersigned purchaser acknowledged the receipt of this notice includingthe current
information required by Section 5.0143, Texas Property Code, as amended.
DATE:DATE:
SIGNATURE OF PURCHASERSIGNATURE OF PURCHASER
STATE OF TEXAS§
§
COUNTY OF LAMAR§
The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me by ____________________ and
_________________ , known to me to be the person(s) whose name(s) is/are subscribed to the
foregoing instrument, andacknowledged to me that he or she executed the same for the
purposes therein expressed.
Given under my hand and seal of office on this _________________ , 20__.
3
Notary Public, State of Texas
______________
3
To be included in separate copy of the notice required by Section 5.0143, Tex. Prop. Code, to be executed at the closing of the
purchase and sale and to be recorded in the deed records of Lamar County.
PurchaserSignature Page to Final Notice with Current Information
of Obligation to Pay Improvement District Assessment
\[The undersigned seller acknowledges providing a separate copy of the notice required by
Section 5.014 of the Texas Property Code including the current information required by Section
5.0143, Texas Property Code, as amended, at the closing of the purchase of the real property at the
address above.
DATE:DATE:
SIGNATURE OF SELLERSIGNATURE OF SELLER
STATE OF TEXAS§
§
COUNTY OF LAMAR§
The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me by ______________________ and
____________________ , known to me to be the person(s) whose name(s) is/are subscribed to the
foregoing instrument, andacknowledged to me that he or she executed the same for the purposes
therein expressed.
Given under my hand and seal of office on this _________________, 20__.
4
Notary Public, State of Texas
______________
4
To be included in separate copy of the notice required by Section 5.0143, Tex. Prop. Code, to be executed at the closing of the purchase
and sale and to be recorded in the deed records of Lamar County
SellerSignature Page to Final Notice with Current Information
of Obligation to Pay Improvement District Assessment
BOOVBM!JOTUBMMNFOUT!.!JNQSPWFNFOU!BSFB!$2!MPU!UZQF!2!
Upubm!Boovbm!
Jotubmmnfou!Evf!Beejujpobm!Boovbm!Dpmmfdujpo!
\\b^
Jotubmmnfou!
Qsjodjqbm
Joufsftu
2042JoufsftuDptut
\\c^
Evf
3137%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!639/85%!!!!!!!!!!!!2-224/63%!!!!!!!!!!!!!226/74%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!56:/88%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-328/77
3138%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!386/97%!!!!!!!!!!!!2-495/22%!!!!!!!!!!!!!223/::%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!579/:8%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-352/:4
3139%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!398/47%!!!!!!!!!!!!2-478/32%!!!!!!!!!!!!!222/72%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!589/45%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-355/63
313:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!524/8:%!!!!!!!!!!!!2-45:/72%!!!!!!!!!!!!!221/28%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!598/:2%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-472/5:
3141%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!547/89%!!!!!!!!!!!!2-435/38%!!!!!!!!!!!!!219/21%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!5:8/78%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-477/93
3142%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!56:/88%!!!!!!!!!!!!2-3:8/62%!!!!!!!!!!!!!216/:3%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!618/73%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-481/94
3143%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!582/37%!!!!!!!!!!!!2-37:/46%!!!!!!!!!!!!!214/73%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!628/89%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-473/12
3144%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!5:5/36%!!!!!!!!!!!!2-351/5:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!212/37%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!639/24%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-475/25
3145%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!628/35%!!!!!!!!!!!!2-321/33%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:9/8:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!649/7:%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-475/:5
3146%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!651/34%!!!!!!!!!!!!2-289/64%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:7/32%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!65:/58%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-475/55
3147%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!674/33%!!!!!!!!!!!!2-256/56%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:4/62%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!671/57%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-473/74
3148%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!6:8/81%!!!!!!!!!!!!2-221/:6%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:1/7:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!682/78%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-482/12
3149%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!731/7:%!!!!!!!!!!!!2-185/45%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!98/81%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!694/21%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-476/94
314:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!766/28%!!!!!!!!!!!!2-147/43%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!95/71%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!6:5/87%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-481/96
3151%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!789/27%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!::7/2:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!92/43%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!717/77%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-473/44
3152%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!823/75%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:65/77%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!88/:4%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!729/8:%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-475/13
3153%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!858/24%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:22/12%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!85/48%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!742/28%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-474/78
3154%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!8:4/21%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!976/35%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!81/74%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!754/8:%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-483/88
3155%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!938/6:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!927/78%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!77/78%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!767/77%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-478/69
3156%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!984/67%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!876/:9%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!73/64%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!77:/91%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-482/98
3157%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:2:/65%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!823/58%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!69/27%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!794/2:%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-484/48
3158%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!:76/63%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!767/26%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!64/67%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!7:7/97%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-483/1:
3159%!!!!!!!!!!!!2-122/5:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!6:8/12%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!59/85%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!821/91%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-479/15
315:%!!!!!!!!!!!!2-168/58%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!646/17%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!54/79%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!836/12%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-472/33
3161%!!!!!!!!!!!!2-225/:5%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!581/3:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!49/4:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!84:/62%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-474/24
3162%!!!!!!!!!!!!2-283/52%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!513/11%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!43/93%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!865/41%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-472/64
3163%!!!!!!!!!!!!2-352/49%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!441/2:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!37/:6%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!87:/4:%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-478/:2
3164%!!!!!!!!!!!!2-421/45%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!365/26%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!31/86%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!895/89%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-481/13
3165%!!!!!!!!!!!!2-48:/42%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!284/9:%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!25/31%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!911/58%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-478/98
3166%!!!!!!!!!!!!2-56:/88%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!9:/52%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!8/41%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!927/59%!!!!!!!!!!!!3-483/:7
Upubm%!!!!!!!!!34-237/55!%!!!!!!!!!!37-743/35%!!!!!!!!!3-2:9/8:!%!!!!!!!!!!29-762/::%!!!!!!!!!!81-71:/57
Gppuopuft;
\\b^!Joufsftu!po!uif!Jnqspwfnfou!Bsfb!$2!Cpoet!jt!7/236&/
\\c^!Uif!gjhvsft!tipxo!bcpwf!bsf!ftujnbuft!pomz!boe!tvckfdu!up!dibohf!jo!Boovbm!Tfswjdf!Qmbo!Vqebuft/!
Dibohft!jo!Boovbm!Dpmmfdujpo!Dptut-!sftfswf!gvoe!sfrvjsfnfout-!joufsftu!fbsojoht-!ps!puifs!bwbjmbcmf!pggtfut!
dpvme!jodsfbtf!ps!efdsfbtf!uif!bnpvout!tipxo/
Annual Installment Schedule to Notice
of Obligation to Pay Improvement District Assessment