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24-Move to approve a resolution authorizing a (TIGER) grant programCITY COUNCIL AGENDA ITEM BRIEFING SHEET Submittal Date: Originating Department: Presented By: Agenda Item No.: 09/10/09 Engineering, Planning & Shawn Napier, P.E. Council Date: Development Director of Engineering, Planning 24. 09/14/09 & Develo ment; Earl Erickson RECOMMENDED MOTION: Move to approve a resolution authorizing a Transportation Generating Economic Recovery (TIGER) discretionary grant program in the amount of $18,755,599 for a 130-mile non-motorized pedestrian, bicycling and equestrian trail project starting in Farmersville on an abandoned rail corridor to Paris to New Boston/Texarkana and authorizing the City Manager to negotiate and execute all necessary documents. POLICY ISSUE(S): Project Support BACKGROUND: The proposed TIGER grant will fund a 130-mile extension of the rails-to-trails project that includes the Trail de Paris. The grant application is due September 15 for the trail project and the City of Paris will be the nominating entry for the grant and project manager. Long-term maintenance of the trail will be the responsibility of each government entity that the trail passes through. This grant will allow the City of Paris to complete the proposed sections of the Trail de Paris. The proposed project time line has a completion date of December 2011. Letters of support are needed from the City Council and as many people who are willing to send support letters to the trail effort, so they can be submitted with the application that is due September 15, 2009. Mr. Amadeo Saenz, Jr, who is the TxDOT Executive Director, has sent a letter of support to Mr. Earl Erickson for the proposed 130-mile trail project. BOARD/COMMISSION RECOMMENDATION: EXHIBITS: Resolution, Project Information, Proposed Trail Map, TxDOT letter of Support ACTION: BUDGET INFO: N/A ❑ Financial Report ❑ Minute Order Expense $ ❑ Department Report Z Resolution Budgeted Amt. $ ❑ Presentation ❑ Ordinance y'I'D Actual $ ❑ Public Hearing ❑ Other Acct. Name Acct. Number FISCAL NOTES: Mr. Erickson has secured $220,000 from other organizations for matching funds. REVIEWED AND APPROVED BY: Z Administrarion N City Clerk ❑ Communiry Development ❑ EMS/IT ❑ Finance ❑ Fire ❑ Municipal Court Z Legal ❑ Library ❑ Police Z Eng./Public Works ❑ Urilities City of Paris Revised 2/04/08 DRAFT F.attorney\reswork\current\Rails to Trails TIGER Final Discretionary Grant Suppor[ Res 2009 October 12, 2007 RESOLUTION NO. A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PARIS, TEXAS; IN SUPPORT OF THE APPLICATIOIV TO THE U. S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION, TIGER DISCRETIONARY GRANT PROGRAM, BY THE CITY OF PARIS, FOR FUNDS TO CONSTRUCT THE NORTHEAST TEXAS (RED RIVER VALLEY) TRAIL, APPROXIMATELY 130 MILES OF PEDESTRIAN/ BIKING/ EQUINE TRAILS FROM FARMERSVILLE, TEXAS, TO NEW BOSTOIV, TEXAS, ALONG ABANDONED RAIL BA1VK; MAKING OTHER FI11iDINGS A1VD PROVISIOIVS RELATED TO THE SUBJECT; AND DECLARING AN EFFECTIVE DATE. WHEREAS, cities, counties, chambers of commerce, industrial development groups, and other non-profit entities along the proposed route desire to construct a multi-use, non-motorized pedestrian/biking/equine trail utilizing the abandoned rail bank corridor contiguous from Farmersville, Texas, to New Boston, Texas; and, WHEREAS, these groups plan to unite and form the Northeast Texas (Red River Valley) Trail Coalition in order to coordinate efforts to construct this pedestrian/biking/ equine trail to provide a safe trail system in the ATCOG region; and, WHEREAS, federal stimulus money has been made available for trails projects by the U. S. Department of Transportation, TIGER Discretionary Grant Program, that will be administered by the Texas Department of Transportation (TXDOT); and, WHERES, the City of Paris has applied for $20 million for the "Northeast Texas (Red River Valley) Trail" project to reconstruct bridges and build up the trail along the rail bank to join the pedestrian/biking/equine trail from Farmersville to New Boston; and, WHEREAS, this trail would be the longest in the State of Texas and one of the longest "Rails to Trails" projects in the United States, thus bringing national attention to our region and creating additional tourism and dollars spent in the cities and counties along the trail; and, WHEREAS, similar trails in other parts of the country have been immednsely successful and we feel this pedestrian/biking/equine trail would provide economic, health and welfare benefits to the citizens in our region. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PARIS, TEXAS: a v.. v l5V Section 1. That the findings set out in the preamble to this resolution are hereby in all things approved. Section 2. That we strongly support efforts by the Northeast Texas (Red River Valley) Trail Coalition to construct the pedestrian/biking/equine trail system from Farmersville to New Boston. Section 3. That we strongly support the application for $20 million by the City of Paris to construct the Northeast Texas (Red River Valley) Trail. Section 4. That we strongly recommend funding for this project through the TIGER Discretionary Grant Program. Section 5. This resolution shall be effective immediately upon passage. DULY PASSED A1VD APPROVED this 14th day of September, 2009. Jesse James Freelen, Mayor ATTEST: Janice Ellis, City Clerk APPROVED AS TO FORM: W. Kent McIlyar, City Attorney w 1 Ji A n at7 o n . ~ o:~, ~ r✓ . a o ~ [ ~ e ---ti' Z co . ~l T~ E , _ _ - s . o- ' `3` _ . . . P 7 • ~ ~ ' ~ . ~rc- _ ~O ; ~ ~ ~N ~~~f P O D..s;1~ f e _ ~ ~ GO a V.~n 3 ~ a - c fc c T p, m XY 3.°- ki O.'.. ~ ?m , ~y° tg ~ M ~ E ~ ~ o ~ • c • .e ,~y.', ,°e~ ~.e~. m h ~ o • ' y ` d Ccn v - c > ~ V ~ a~~•~ j~ ~ ( ~ J m _ -h c c^ _ o ~a' ~ * .a - ' _ , ~ . . e • . P. ' P ~iC _.v;.~__~~ ~ ~ ~ _ (Y ~a - Z _ C , Z~ ~ ! ~ ~ .<< ..,-ryc '.t - . o ~o • = - ~ ~ • _ - - a m ~ ~ j~O p U ~ e~^~ I f `t N ~1 N ~ . t.•4 ~ ~/1 t~ n 0 d_~ _ F~ ~ = ~ ~ . lp Z ~y(.~. t a• ~ ' : . , o ~ ~ - ~^a a~i O m Vp 3~t,'Fj O P, J = ' m~•-~. O cia :*:g L -p r . r~, ' ~ • . ~l O ~ _ `o g ~ •O , _ ~.,E i o °r~' Q ~m ~ ,1-~ ~p ~D p C ~ y G7 O et-~ .aC O O ~ ~ v ' c C' 4 "v~ ,0 47~ o „ . ~ ~ ~ mJ I a ♦ • • ♦ t_ . ' ~ T . d , p _ , T P ~ . m h' `t' " p' y' ~ • ` m - ` 6 .c~°' rti ~ . °m~.~ C~;G N a . - a c • O~? t 3 O +~s}~' ~ ~ 1~ ` ~ ~n -c ' a o ~ j~~r.,~. ^ o ~ • pa . I c o , ,f ° ZE Ooo ^ d. h s ~ ID + t cn 0.0000000, m C . P • - 4 ` 0 ~ ~`p V ~ ~ , _ m ~ _ = c ` L ~~I.: cy ~ozr° t` m' •••"~`t' e ~ _ . ,~.a. ^ c~~. e, ~ ~ n • .o e ~ - v _ . ~ t O... ~ c. ' • ° ° ° w m - . c ^ q . E ? v, , ~ ~ u = ,T. yi a~ ~ r~~'~ ~ ~ _ ~ P ~ ~ - - . . tC Y s a 6 ~ e - ~ s m * E ' . n c ~ LL ~ ,c rr\ .'y = a a m c ~ 2 C ~ O 7yr s t, ~ d C w 8 ^ a ° E ~~~15~ Texas Department of Transportation DEWITT C, GREER STATE HIGHWAY BLDG. • 125 E. 117H STREET • AUSTIN, TEXAS 7$701-2483 •(512) 463-8585 August 31, 2009 Mr. Earl Erickson Project Coordinator 1125 Bonham Street Paris, Texas 75460 Dear Mr. Erickson: The Texas Department of Transportation is pleased to support your application for funds under the Transportation Investment Generating Economic Recovery (TIGER) discretionary grant program for the 130-mile non-motorized pedestrian, bicycling, and equestrian trail project in Northeast Texas. Should you receive funding under this program, our agency will work with you closely to expedite the project. We appreciate the importance of the Northeast Texas Trail project for your region and assure you that it holds statewide priority as well because the recycling of a 130-mile corridor wi{I enhance economic development, preserve historic sites and protect wildlife and plant life. As you may know, each state is eligible to receive a maximum of $300 million in total funding through this program. After reviewing your request, our agency has concluded that this project could compefe favorably for these (imited resources and have confirmed that yaur proposal meets the following criteria of the program: • long-term outcomes: state of good repair, economic competitiveness, livability, sustainabiiity, safefy • jobs creation/economic stimulus • innovation • partnership We appreciate your ongoing involvement in Texas transportation. Our staff is prepared to assist you if you need help in finalizing your application. if you have additional questions or need more information, please contact me at (512) 305-9501, or your staff may contact Robin Ayers, Congressional Liaison in our Government and Public Affairs Division, at (512) 463-8345. Sincerely, f ca~i 423 l~ Amadea Saenz, Jr., P.E. Executive Director cc: Texas Transportation Commission Robin Ayers, Government and Public Affairs Division, TxDOT THE TEXAS PLAN REDUCE CONGESTION • ENHANCE SAFE7Y • EXPAND ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY • IMPROVE AIR QUALITY INCREASE THE VALUE OF OUR TRANS?ORTATION ASSETS An Equa! Opportunify Employer r v 7 5 TIGER FINAL Discretionary Grant -Letter of Support Request Any project nominated for the TIGER Discretionary Grant Program must be sent by the nominating entity to the Secretary of Transportation for consideration. As part of the application preparation process, nominating entities may request a letter of support for their project from TxDOT. TxDOT will consider providing letters of support for projects that meet the program's requirements. Nominating entities may use the following form to submit a request for a letter of support. All requests must be submitted no later than August 24, 2009. By completing the form below, your information will be sent to the appropriate TxDOT district's Director of Transportation Planning and Development for further handling. If you have questions about this form or the process for requesting a letter of support, you may contact us at 512-463-8345. * - Required field 1Vominating Entry: * City of Paris, Texas Contact Information Last Name: * Erickson First IVame: * Earl Phone Number: *903.785.7353, mobile-903.517.9778 Project Information County Location: * Lamar Facility IVame or Highway Designation: *Northeast Texas (Red River Valley) Trail Project Limit FROM: *Farmersville/East Dallas to Ladonia to Roxton to Paris to Project Limit T0: * Detroit to Clarksville to DeKalb to IVew Boston/Texarkana Brief Project Description: * Do you want to be part of an investment with a great rate of return that will richly enhance the quality of life in Texas? Join us in "re- cycling" a priceless abandoned rail road corridor through scenic rolling countryside that is contiguously rail banked from Farmersville through Paris to 1Vew Boston/Texarkana (130 miles) into a public trail for multi non-motorized alternate modes of transportation (walking, bicycling, horseback riding, wheelchair accessibility, and other forms of recreation or transportation). In addition to non motorized transportation and recreation, it will serve many other purposes; historic preservation of railway corridors and bridges, economic revitalization of 20 Northeast Texas rural towns in 7 counties, open space conservation (via the National Trails Systems Act) and wildlife conservation. To show communiry - -15~i support, the Northeast Texas Trail project will be leveraged with $220,000 local money. Status of STIP: * Not currently in a STIP Status of Environmental Review/Approval: * Don't expect any environmental issues because of previously disturbed right of way. No land acquisition or relocation needed. Estimated Construction Completion Date: * 12/31/2011 Estimated Total Project Cost (Design + ROW + Construction): *$18,975,599 Estimated TIGER Grant Funds being Requested: *$18,755,599 Project Type: * (select at least one project type) Highway or Bridge (Construction or maintenance of a highway or bridge) Transit (Construction or maintenance related to public transportation, such as commuter rail or buses) Rail (Passenger or freight rail) Port (Sea or inland) Other A 130-mile non- motorized pedestrian, bicycling, and equestrian Trail construction Selection Criteria Long Term Outcomes Addressed by the Project: * (Identify applicable project criteria and include a brief description in the text box.) State of Good Repair Between Farmersville near Dallas, Texas, to New Boston near Texarkana, Texas, lies a sprawling unused, railway corridor that has been abandoned for years. It is currently being used for junk disposal, and unlawful 4-wheeler usage has created deep ruts and crevices through the corridor causing corridor erosion and flooding on it and adjacent property. In some areas trees and shrubs have encroached the entire corridor making it almost impassable. The intent of this trail project is to recycle this 130-mile corridor into a pristine pathway for usable non-motorized transportation. This trail will further enhance the natural beauty of the landscape by preserving historic sites and protecting wildlife and plant life. 2 - „.,.,155 The entire railroad corridor is contiguously rail banked by 6 agencies (Chaparral Rails to Trails, Greater Paris Development Foundation, Cities of Clarksville, Annona, and Avery, and Bowie County). This Trail project fulfills the encouragement and protection of the National Trails Systems Act, State and Metropolitan Area Trails Sec. 8. (16USC1247) Paragraph (d): "The Secretary of Transportation, the Chairman of the Interstate Commerce Commission, and the Secretary of the Interior, in administering the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976, shall encourage State and local agencies and private interests to establish appropriate trails using the provisions of such programs. Consistent with the purposes of that Act, and in furtherance of the national policy to preserve established railroad rights- of-way for future reactivation of rail service, to protect rail transportation corridors, and to encourage energy efficient transportation use, in the case of interim use of any established railroad rights-of-way pursuant to donation, transfer, lease, sale, or otherwise in a manner consistent with the National Trails System Act, if such interim use is subject to restoration or reconstruction for railroad purposes, such interim use shall not be treated, for purposes of any law or rule of law, as an abandonment of the use of such rights-of-way for railroad purposes. " The above section (d) is the rail-banking agreement authorization. The "to encourage energy efficient transportation use" defines the corridors for non- motorized transportation only usage. Therefore, these 6 rail-banking entities have the charge and authority to convert this property into a multi non- motorized use public trail. The corridor is "shovel ready" to begin Trail construction. The grant application will contain the needed Trail construction approvals from the rail-banked agencies. Once the project grant is approved, the construction of the trail can begin. These corridor right of ways vary in width from 100' in the countryside to 300' inside some town limits. This is ample space to construct adjacent walking, bicycle, and horseback riding paths. These are abandoned railway corridors. The railroad tracks and ties have been removed. Most of the ballast has also been removed. Therefore, the corridor is ready and waiting to be graded to remove encroaching vegetation and debris accumulated from disuse, to fill and level eroded corridor areas, refurbish railroad bridges where needed, and surface the countryside trail way with crushed granite. Asphalt and concrete will be used for trail surfacing inside the intersecting rural towns limits. Traffic calming will be installed where necessary. Safety bollards and signage will be installed where appropriate to deter motorized vehicles on the Trail. Trail usage rules will be posted. Economic Competitiveness The regional economic impact created by the IVortheast Texas Rail-Trail project will be immense. Trail systems have become the central focus of tourist activities and the impetus for kick-starting a stagnating economic area. Within a 60-mile radius of the three main trailhead towns (Farmersville, Paris, and Texarkana) over 10 million people are within driving distance to enjoy this amenity. The population in the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex is predicted to be 18 million by the year 2020, the 3 „ -156 majority of which will take place in our Trail project's Region. This Trail (130-miles) will be the longest in Texas and the 5th longest in the Nation. Its length is a potential economic benefit, because the longer the duration of time the user can spend on the Trail, the more they will generally spend. Visitors from all over Texas, other states, in particular from adjacent ones Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Louisiana will frequent the Trail for vacations and weekend outings. Studies have shown that trail users can generate as much as $1.25 million annually for the towns that a trail passes. Our Trail will roll through 19 towns, therefore, as the Trail marketing starts attracting tourists' dollars there is the potential of conservatively generating $23.75 million of revenue annually for this economically depressed Northeast Texas Region. The estimated construction cost of this Trail network is $17 million. That's a great rate of return. The Trail will provide the tools to turn its geographical resources into community trademarks that become focal points of civic pride and key attractors of new residents and businesses. Livability Studies have shown that Trail facilities improve the overall quality of life in a community and that quality of life truly determines the livability of an area. Citizens and visitors alike will benefit from the multi-use trail that will foster recreational activities and encourage a healthier lifestyle. Obesity among Americans has reached an all time high and continues to climb despite Surgeon General warnings and other health initiatives sponsored by the White House and the Department of Health and Human Services. Research shows that even small increases of physical activity can evidence measurable health benefits including controlling weight, helping prevent heart disease, lowering cholesterol levels and diabetes, slowing bone loss associated with advanced age, and more. Although individuals must make the decision to exercise, communities can make the choice easier by providing an attractive, safe place to bike, walk, hike, and skate. This need is ever more important in areas with no sidewalks like many of the towns in the proposed project area. The Trail will provide a social environment to help people connect with nature and enjoy beautiful rural landscapes. This Trail will be for non-motorized alternate modes of transportation, reducing air pollution and traffic congestion. The ability to avoid congested streets and highways, and travel through natural areas on foot or by non- motorized means, is a large factor in a community's "livability". This Trail will allow people to enjoy beautiful rural landscapes that can increase quality of life perception in the Trail communities. Sustainability The Northeast Texas Rail-Trail project will provide a safe, eco friendly way of transportation thus reducing greenhouse gas emissions. With rising fuel costs, more and more people are opting for travel alternatives such as cycling. Also, people are increasingly looking for ways to reduce their carbon footprint and as a result, choosing bicycles over oil dependent vehicles. The trail will also preserve areas including wildlife, wetlands, and historic areas along the trail. Businesses along the trail front would be engaged as volunteers to maintain the area adjacent to their 4 - -15-1 property that is common practice along similar trails in the US. A workforce of volunteers will also be solicited for volunteer work along the trail in areas such as trail heads, beautification areas, hummingbird/butterfly gardens, and nature trails. This Trail system will preserve critical open space that provides natural buffer zones to protect streams, rivers, and lakes from pollution run-off caused by fertilizer and pesticide use on lawns and farms. It will also serve as a flood plain that absorbs excess water and mitigate damage caused by floods. The ecological benefits of the greenways can help these communities mitigate costs associated with the control of water and air pollution and flood management. This dedicated trail corridor can also play a valuable role in preserving linear space for future infrastructure needs. The measureable economic benefits of The Trail may begin with increased user expenditures in the region, but further intangible results may be seen long after visitors leave. Some of those are: enhancements of nearby property values along areas that feature the Trail, reduced healthcare costs that may result from increased opportunities for healthful exercise, and encourage walking or bicycling to locations within a reasonable distance-such as school, work and recreational areas, rather than driving. Safety The Northeast Texas Rail-Trail project will provide a safe alternative to roadway traveling as pedestrians or cyclists can travel on the trail without fear of accidents with automobiles. Not having to contend with motorized vehicles is a prime trail usage motivator for families, the elderly, and the physically challenged. This non-motorized trail will increase safe and affordable options for exercise and recreation, helping to improve the health of visitors and residents alike. It will function as a safe, viable transportation corridor. It provides opportunities for families to enjoy a healthy activity together. It will enhance the safety and convenience of travel to many of the community's residential and commercial areas. Currently, the Paris, Texas, section of the trail has been completed and is included in the Paris ISD master plan for Safe Routes to Schools program. Other communities are sure to follow suit with the finished trail. The trail will feature multiple access points creating more visibility and providing safety. Planning and construction of the trail will follow safety protocols involving yield to traffic signs and roadway signs alerting travelers of approaching trail crossing. Education sessions informing trail users of safety tips will be formulated and presented. Other Goals Addressed by the Project: * (Identify applicable goals and include a brief description in the text box.) Job Creation and Economic Stimulus 5 156, The implementation of the Northeast Texas Rail-Trail project will immediately stimulate the economy in 19 rural towns along the path. At the forefront will be the addition of construction positions including surveying, project development, material suppliers, and the construction contractors. While construction is underway, the rural towns will see an increase in spending in their respective areas due to work crews seeking lodging, food, and recreation as well as materials purchased. As the construction is finalized, the Rail-Trail project will inevitably create jobs that support the trail such as maintenance and recreational businesses. In addition, it is predicted that many recreational businesses will form as a result of having the 130-mile multipurpose trail. A IVational Park Service study revealed that the economic impact of a trail involves a combination of newly created trail-related jobs and the expansion of existing businesses related to travel, equipment, clothes, food, souvenirs, and maps. Visitors to the trail will utilize services such as bed and breakfasts, hotels, travel agents, bicycle shops, visitor centers, gift shops, and restaurants while equestrian lodging and hay barns will be needed by those who choose horseback riding. Trail users' expenditures produce widespread benefits to the local economy including: increased retail sales, jobs, and subsequent expenditures by local merchants to suppliers of materials and services. Amenities such as pocket parks, picnic areas, trailheads would be formed along the trail. Many of the 19 towns along the proposed trail are seeing steep economic decline. Red River County, including Detroit, Clarksville, Annona, and Avery is one of the most economically poor counties in the state of Texas. The trail will spur new growth in these areas and help revitalize the declining economy. Innovation It will be the longest Trail in Texas and there is nothing of to compare in the adjoining States of Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Louisiana. A Northeast Texas (Red River) Trail Alliance consisting of the 19 rural towns and 7 counties is being formed. The Lamar County Chamber of Commerce has agreed to act as the central focal point for the organizations administrative support. The Ciry of Paris has agreed to be the governmental sponsoring agency for this comprehensive project. We view this Trail as a 130-mile linear park. There are no Texas State Parks in Northeast Texas. When the Trail is completed, the plan is to donate it to the Texas Department of Parks and Wildlife (TDPV1) as a State Park for Northeast Texas. It is preferable that TPWD will maintain the entire Trail. Another option would be for TPWD would create a Trail Maintenance Coalition District within the Northeast Texas Region made up of the Trail corridor municipalities and county governments. Each would oversee the day- to-day maintenance operations of their sections of the Trail network. Partnership The Northeast Texas communities' need for this project is evident by the many partnerships that have already been working in mile-by-mile sections to make it become a reality. The following is a list of these partnerships: Capital from 3- 6 - y -15 consecutive TPWD Recreational Trail Grants, local grants from Lennox, Legacy, First Federal Community Bank, Greater Paris Development, Kimberly Clark Foundation, Campbell Soup, Lamar Power Partners, and Ash Grove Foundations. In kind donations of equipment, materials, and labor has been phenomenal. The original 2004 construction of the Trail de Paris 3mile asphalt Trail on the abandoned rail banked corridor had a cost estimate of $900,000. $125,000 in cash was raised and the rest of the project $775,000 was totally funded via in kind equipment, materials and labor by the private sector. To show continuing community need and support for Trails, the recent Paris to Reno extension along the rail-banked corridor had a cost estimate of $576,000. A$120,000 in grants from 51oca1 foundations and the remaining $456,000 will be funded by private sector in kind donations. The following are partnerships showing wide community support for the building and maintaining of the 130-mile Trail: a 3mile trail in the town of Farmersville Trail, the 4mile Trail de Paris, 7 refurbished railroad bridges, installation of a new bicycle and pedestrian bridge over busy US Hwy 271 in the town of Paris, the 2 1/z mile trail through the town of Reno and 3 refurbished Railroad bridges, clearing and grading 15 miles of corridor and repairing 5 railroad bridges from Pecan Gap to Wolfe City, clearing and grading of 25 miles from New Boston to Avery. All of the Northeast Texas Rail-Trail projects rail-banking agencies have partnered together to build the Trail on their corridors; Chaparral Rail to Trail, Greater Paris Development Foundation, towns of Clarksville, Annona, and Avery, and Bowie County. An alliance of state and federal representatives, city mayors, local Chambers of Commerce, and communiry leaders agrees the 130-mile trail is key to growth in rural northeast Texas. The partnership extends through 7 counties and 19 towns. To show community support, the Northeast Texas Trail project will be leveraged with $220,000 local money. Lennox-$100,000-4 year span 1St Federal-$75,000-3 year span Chaparral-$25,000 De Kalb -$20,000 7 ......16p