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FREESE AND NICHOLS: HELPING YOU PROTECT YOUR WATER SUPPLY Innovative approaches . . foolm Fressa rw Nlehols practical results i . . . g .o elements d pro ' • . . 4. Assessment of the likelihood (qualitative prob- ~ om defined f t l l r s ent ac evo ability) of such ma threat sources (e.g. terrorist, insider, determined vandal, casual vandal, etc.) 5. Systematic site characterization of the water system to include the collection of performance data on: • Important facilities, processes and assets • Physical protection system features of deter- onse s d l d ~ ~ re p ay an e rence, detection, • Cyber protection system features • Security policies and procedures and compli- ance with same 6. The approach to the VA is "performance-based," meaning that it evaluates the risk to the water system based on the effectiveness of the security ecific malevolent acts th i e sp nst system aga determined in the initial step. 7. The VA determines the most critical assets (targets) in a water system, details their inter- relationships within other assets in the system, identifies the consequences of malevolent acts that could be directed against them, and evalu- ates the effectiveness of both existing and pro- posed protection systems. 8. The VA identifies a system's vulnerabilities and provides a prioritized plan for security upgrades, modifications of operationaf procedures, and/or policy changes to mitigate identified risks to ~ ~ ~ ~ criticat assets. The VA also provides a basis for comparing the cost of protection against the risks posed. Vulnerability As>e>sment and Emergency Respon~.e Plan SOQ Pjge 14